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@ARTICLE{Mishra:278394,
      author       = {Mishra, Anu and others},
      title        = {{D}iminishing benefits of urban living for children and
                      adolescents’ growth and development},
      journal      = {Nature},
      volume       = {615},
      number       = {7954},
      issn         = {0028-0836},
      address      = {London [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Nature Publ. Group},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-01628},
      pages        = {874 - 883},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence
                      is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1-6. Here we
                      used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with
                      measurements of height and weight from 71 million
                      participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI)
                      of children and adolescents aged 5-19 years on the basis of
                      rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and
                      territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and
                      adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural
                      counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By
                      2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most
                      countries, and in many high-income western countries it
                      reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The
                      exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan
                      Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the
                      region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In
                      these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural
                      places either did not gain height or possibly became
                      shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers.
                      The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of
                      children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m-2 in the
                      vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI
                      increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas,
                      except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries
                      in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much
                      of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of
                      living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first
                      century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have
                      amplified.},
      cin          = {C070 / C020},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:36991188},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41586-023-05772-8},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/278394},
}