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@ARTICLE{Stein:282730,
      author       = {T. Stein and J. Taron and N. Verloh and M. Doppler and A.
                      Rau and M. T. Hagar and S. Faby and D. Baltas$^*$ and D.
                      Westermann and I. Ayx and S. O. Schönberg and K. Nikolaou
                      and C. L. Schlett and F. Bamberg and J. Weiss},
      title        = {{P}hoton-counting computed tomography of coronary and
                      peripheral artery stents: a phantom study.},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {13},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-01856},
      pages        = {14806},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Accurate small vessel stent visualization using CT remains
                      challenging. Photon-counting CT (PCD-CT) may help to
                      overcome this issue. We systematically investigate PCD-CT
                      impact on small vessel stent assessment compared to
                      energy-integrating-CT (EID). 12 water-contrast agent filled
                      stents (3.0-8 mm) were scanned with patient-equivalent
                      phantom using clinical PCD-CT and EID-CT. Images were
                      reconstructed using dedicated vascular kernels. Subjective
                      image quality was evaluated by 5 radiologists independently
                      (5-point Likert-scale; 5 = excellent). Objective image
                      quality was evaluated by calculating multi-row intensity
                      profiles including edge rise slope (ERS) and
                      coefficient-of-variation (CV). Highest overall reading
                      scores were found for PCD-CT-Bv56 (3.6[3.3-4.3]). In
                      pairwise comparison, differences were significant for
                      PCD-CT-Bv56 vs. EID-CT-Bv40 (p ≤ 0.04), for sharpness and
                      blooming respectively (all p < 0.05). Highest diagnostic
                      confidence was found for PCD-CT-Bv56 (p ≤ 0.2). ANOVA
                      revealed a significant effect of kernel strength on ERS (p <
                      0.001). CV decreased with stronger PCD-CT kernels, reaching
                      its lowest in PCD-CT-Bv56 and highest in EID-CT
                      reconstruction (p ≤ 0.05). We are the first study to
                      verify, by phantom setup adapted to real patient settings,
                      PCD-CT with a sharp vascular kernel provides the most
                      favorable image quality for small vessel stent imaging.
                      PCD-CT may reduce the number of invasive coronary
                      angiograms, however, more studies needed to apply our
                      results in clinical practice.},
      keywords     = {Humans / Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Phantoms, Imaging /
                      Coronary Angiography / Stents / Arteries},
      cin          = {FR01},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)FR01-20160331},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:37684412},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC10491813},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-023-41854-3},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/282730},
}