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@ARTICLE{Bao:284944,
      author       = {J. Bao and A. C. Betzler and J. Hess$^*$ and C. Brunner},
      title        = {{E}xploring the dual role of {B} cells in solid tumors:
                      implications for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.},
      journal      = {Frontiers in immunology},
      volume       = {14},
      issn         = {1664-3224},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Media},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-02144},
      pages        = {1233085},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {In the tumor milieu of head and neck squamous cell
                      carcinoma (HNSCC), distinct B cell subpopulations are
                      present, which exert either pro- or anti-tumor activities.
                      Multiple factors, including hypoxia, cytokines, interactions
                      with tumor cells, and other immune infiltrating lymphocytes
                      (TILs), alter the equilibrium between the dual roles of B
                      cells leading to cancerogenesis. Certain B cell subsets in
                      the tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibit immunosuppressive
                      function. These cells are known as regulatory B (Breg)
                      cells. Breg cells suppress immune responses by secreting a
                      series of immunosuppressive cytokines, including IL-10,
                      IL-35, TGF-β, granzyme B, and adenosine or dampen effector
                      TILs by intercellular contacts. Multiple Breg phenotypes
                      have been discovered in human and mouse cancer models.
                      However, when compartmentalized within a tertiary lymphoid
                      structure (TLS), B cells predominantly play anti-tumor
                      effects. A mature TLS contains a CD20+ B cell zone with
                      several important types of B cells, including
                      germinal-center like B cells, antibody-secreting plasma
                      cells, and memory B cells. They kill tumor cells via
                      antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and phagocytosis, and local
                      complement activation effects. TLSs are also privileged
                      sites for local T and B cell coordination and activation.
                      Nonetheless, in some cases, TLSs may serve as a niche for
                      hidden tumor cells and indicate a bad prognosis. Thus, TIL-B
                      cells exhibit bidirectional immune-modulatory activity and
                      are responsive to a variety of immunotherapies. In this
                      review, we discuss the functional distinctions between
                      immunosuppressive Breg cells and immunogenic effector B
                      cells that mature within TLSs with the focus on tumors of
                      HNSCC patients. Additionally, we review contemporary
                      immunotherapies that aim to target TIL-B cells. For the
                      development of innovative therapeutic approaches to
                      complement T-cell-based immunotherapy, a full understanding
                      of either effector B cells or Breg cells is necessary.},
      subtyp        = {Review Article},
      keywords     = {head and neck cancer (Other) / immunotherapy (Other) /
                      regulatory B cells (Other) / tertiary lymphoid structures
                      (Other) / tumor microenvironment (Other) /
                      tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (Other)},
      cin          = {E221},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)E221-20160331},
      pnm          = {315 - Bildgebung und Radioonkologie (POF4-315)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-315},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:37868967},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC10586314},
      doi          = {10.3389/fimmu.2023.1233085},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/284944},
}