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@ARTICLE{Foesleitner:285253,
      author       = {O. Foesleitner and V. Sturm and J. Hayes and M. Weiler$^*$
                      and G. Sam and B. Wildemann and W. Wick$^*$ and M. Bendszus
                      and S. Heiland and L. B. Jäger},
      title        = {{M}icrostructural changes of peripheral nerves in early
                      multiple sclerosis: {A} prospective magnetic resonance
                      neurography study.},
      journal      = {European journal of neurology},
      volume       = {31},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {1351-5101},
      address      = {Oxford [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-02288},
      pages        = {e16126},
      year         = {2024},
      note         = {2024 Feb;31(2):e16126},
      abstract     = {Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disorder of the
                      central nervous system (CNS). However, there is increasing
                      evidence of peripheral nerve involvement. This study aims to
                      characterize the pattern of peripheral nerve changes in
                      patients with newly diagnosed MS using quantitative magnetic
                      resonance (MR) neurography.In this prospective study, 25
                      patients first diagnosed with MS according to the revised
                      McDonald criteria (16 female, mean age = 32.8 ± 10.6 years)
                      and 14 healthy controls were examined with high-resolution
                      3-T MR neurography of the sciatic nerve using diffusion
                      kurtosis imaging (DKI; 20 diffusional directions, b = 0,
                      700, 1200 s/mm2 ) and magnetization transfer imaging (MTI).
                      In total, 15 quantitative MR biomarkers were analyzed and
                      correlated with clinical symptoms, intrathecal
                      immunoglobulin synthesis, electrophysiology, and lesion load
                      on brain and spine MR imaging.Patients showed decreased
                      fractional anisotropy (mean = 0.51 ± 0.04 vs. 0.56 ± 0.03,
                      p < 0.001), extra-axonal tortuosity (mean = 2.32 ± 0.17 vs.
                      2.49 ± 0.17, p = 0.008), and radial kurtosis (mean = 1.40
                      ± 0.23 vs. 1.62 ± 0.23, p = 0.014) and higher radial
                      diffusivity (mean = 1.09 ∙ 10-3 mm2 /s ± 0.16 vs. 0.98 ±
                      0.11 ∙ 10-3 mm2 /s, p = 0.036) than controls. Groups did
                      not differ in MTI. No significant association was found
                      between MR neurography markers and clinical/laboratory
                      parameters or CNS lesion load.This study provides further
                      evidence of peripheral nerve involvement in MS already at
                      initial diagnosis. The characteristic pattern of DKI
                      parameters indicates predominant demyelination and suggests
                      a primary coaffection of the peripheral nervous system in
                      MS. This first human study using DKI for peripheral nerves
                      shows its potential and clinical feasibility in providing
                      novel biomarkers.},
      keywords     = {MR neurography (Other) / diffusion kurtosis imaging (Other)
                      / diffusion tensor imaging (Other) / magnetic resonance
                      imaging (Other) / multiple sclerosis (Other)},
      cin          = {B320 / HD01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)B320-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)HD01-20160331},
      pnm          = {312 - Funktionelle und strukturelle Genomforschung
                      (POF4-312)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-312},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:37932921},
      doi          = {10.1111/ene.16126},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/285253},
}