% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded. This means that in the presence % of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older. % Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or % “biber”. @ARTICLE{Reinikainen:285455, author = {J. Reinikainen and K. Kuulasmaa and V. Oskarsson and P. Amouyel and K. Biasch and H. Brenner$^*$ and R. De Ponti and C. Donfrancesco and W. Drygas and J. Ferrieres and G. Grassi and S. Grimsgaard and L. Iacoviello and P. Jousilahti and L. L. Kårhus and F. Kee and A. Linneberg and D. Luksiene and J. Mariño and M. Moitry and L. Palmieri and A. Peters and A. Piwonska and F. Quarti-Trevano and V. Salomaa and S. Sans and C. O. Schmidt and B. Schöttker$^*$ and S. Söderberg and A. Tamosiunas and B. Thorand and H. Tunstall-Pedoe and D. Vanuzzo and G. Veronesi and M. Woodward and K. Lekadir and T. Niiranen}, title = {{R}egional and temporal differences in the associations between cardiovascular disease and its classic risk factors: {A}n analysis of 49 cohorts from 11 {E}uropean countries.}, journal = {European journal of preventive cardiology}, volume = {31}, number = {5}, issn = {2047-4873}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, reportid = {DKFZ-2023-02389}, pages = {569-577}, year = {2024}, note = {2024 Mar 27;31(5):569-577}, abstract = {The regional and temporal differences in the associations between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its classic risk factors are unknown. The current study examined these associations in different European regions over a 30-year period.The study sample comprised 553818 individuals from 49 cohorts in 11 European countries (baseline: 1982-2012) who were followed up for a maximum of 10 years. Risk factors (sex, smoking, diabetes, non-HDL [high-density lipoprotein] cholesterol, systolic blood pressure [BP], and body mass index [BMI]) and CVD events (coronary heart disease or stroke) were harmonized across cohorts. Risk factor-outcome associations were analysed using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models, and differences in associations were assessed using meta-regression.The differences in the risk factor-CVD associations between central Europe, northern Europe, southern Europe, and the United Kingdom were generally small. Men had a slightly higher hazard ratio (HR) in southern Europe (p = 0.043 for overall difference) and those with diabetes had a slightly lower HR in central Europe (p = 0.022 for overall difference) compared with the other regions. Of the six CVD risk factors, minor HR decreases per decade were observed for non-HDL cholesterol $(7\%$ per mmol/L; $95\%$ confidence interval [CI], $3-10\%)$ and systolic BP $(4\%$ per 20 mmHg; $95\%$ CI, $1-8\%),$ while a minor HR increase per decade was observed for BMI $(7\%$ per 10 kg/m2; $95\%$ CI, $1-13\%).The$ results demonstrate that all classic CVD risk factors are still relevant in Europe, irrespective of regional area. Preventive strategies should focus on risk factors with the greatest population attributable risk.}, keywords = {Cardiovascular disease (Other) / Coronary heart disease (Other) / Europe (Other) / Risk factor (Other) / Stroke (Other)}, cin = {C070}, ddc = {610}, cid = {I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331}, pnm = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)}, pid = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313}, typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16}, pubmed = {pmid:37976098}, doi = {10.1093/eurjpc/zwad359}, url = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/285455}, }