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000285583 041__ $$aEnglish
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000285583 1001_ $$00000-0002-8211-2828$$aZbýň, Štefan$$b0
000285583 245__ $$aChanges in tissue sodium concentration and sodium relaxation times during the maturation of human knee cartilage: Ex vivo 23 Na MRI study at 10.5 T.
000285583 260__ $$aNew York, NY [u.a.]$$bWiley-Liss$$c2024
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000285583 520__ $$aTo evaluate the influence of skeletal maturation on sodium (23 Na) MRI relaxation parameters and the accuracy of tissue sodium concentration (TSC) quantification in human knee cartilage.Twelve pediatric knee specimens were imaged with whole-body 10.5 T MRI using a density-adapted 3D radial projection sequence to evaluate 23 Na parameters: B1 + , T1 , biexponential T 2 * $$ {\mathrm{T}}_2^{\ast } $$ , and TSC. Water, collagen, and sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) content were calculated from osteochondral biopsies. The TSC was corrected for B1 + , relaxation, and water content. The literature-based TSC (TSCLB ) used previously published values for corrections, whereas the specimen-specific TSC (TSCSP ) used measurements from individual specimens. 23 Na parameters were evaluated in eight cartilage compartments segmented on proton images. Associations between 23 Na parameters, TSCLB - TSCSP difference, biochemical content, and age were determined.From birth to 12 years, cartilage water content decreased by 18%; collagen increased by 59%; and sGAG decreased by 36% (all R2 ≥ 0.557). The short T 2 * $$ {\mathrm{T}}_2^{\ast } $$ ( T 2 * S $$ {{\mathrm{T}}_2^{\ast}}_{\mathrm{S}} $$ ) decreased by 72%, and the signal fraction relaxing with T 2 * S $$ {{\mathrm{T}}_2^{\ast}}_{\mathrm{S}} $$ ( fT 2 * S $$ {{\mathrm{fT}}_2^{\ast}}_{\mathrm{S}} $$ ) increased by 55% during the first 5 years but remained relatively stable after that. TSCSP was significantly correlated with sGAG content from biopsies (R2 = 0.739). Depending on age, TSCLB showed higher or lower values than TSCSP . The TSCLB - TSCSP difference was significantly correlated with T 2 * S $$ {{\mathrm{T}}_2^{\ast}}_{\mathrm{S}} $$ (R2 = 0.850), fT 2 * S $$ {{\mathrm{fT}}_2^{\ast}}_{\mathrm{S}} $$ (R2 = 0.651), and water content (R2 = 0.738).TSC and relaxation parameters measured with 23 Na MRI provide noninvasive information about changes in sGAG content and collagen matrix during cartilage maturation. Cartilage TSC quantification assuming fixed relaxation may be feasible in children older than 5 years.
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000285583 650_7 $$2Other$$a10.5 T
000285583 650_7 $$2Other$$a23Na relaxation parameters
000285583 650_7 $$2Other$$abiochemical composition of cartilage
000285583 650_7 $$2Other$$aknee cartilage maturation
000285583 650_7 $$2Other$$asodium (23Na) MRI
000285583 650_7 $$2Other$$atissue sodium concentration
000285583 7001_ $$aLudwig, Kai D$$b1
000285583 7001_ $$aWatkins, Lauren E$$b2
000285583 7001_ $$aLagore, Russell L$$b3
000285583 7001_ $$aNowacki, Amanda$$b4
000285583 7001_ $$00000-0002-6615-389X$$aTóth, Ferenc$$b5
000285583 7001_ $$aTompkins, Marc A$$b6
000285583 7001_ $$aZhang, Lin$$b7
000285583 7001_ $$00000-0002-6428-9005$$aAdriany, Gregor$$b8
000285583 7001_ $$00000-0002-3207-822X$$aGold, Garry E$$b9
000285583 7001_ $$00000-0002-4160-0163$$aShea, Kevin G$$b10
000285583 7001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)054fd7a5195b75b11fbdc5c360276011$$aNagel, Armin$$b11$$udkfz
000285583 7001_ $$00000-0002-0355-5525$$aCarlson, Cathy S$$b12
000285583 7001_ $$00000-0002-3187-6529$$aMetzger, Gregory J$$b13
000285583 7001_ $$00000-0002-7109-9656$$aEllermann, Jutta M$$b14
000285583 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1493786-4$$aDOI:10.1002/mrm.29930$$n3$$p1099-1114$$tMagnetic resonance in medicine$$v91$$x1522-2594$$y2024
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