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@ARTICLE{Abouzahr:285678,
      author       = {F. Abouzahr and J. P. Cesar and P. Crespo and M. Gajda and
                      Z. Hu and K. Klein and A. S. Kuo and S. Majewski and O.
                      Mawlawi and A. Morozov and A. Ojha and F. Poenisch and M.
                      Proga and N. Sahoo and J. Seco$^*$ and T. Takaoka and S.
                      Tavernier and U. Titt and X. Wang and X. R. Zhu and K. Lang},
      title        = {{T}he first probe of a {FLASH} proton beam by {PET}.},
      journal      = {Physics in medicine and biology},
      volume       = {68},
      number       = {23},
      issn         = {0031-9155},
      address      = {Bristol},
      publisher    = {IOP Publ.},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-02500},
      pages        = {235004},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {The recently observed FLASH effect related to high doses
                      delivered with high rates has the potential to revolutionize
                      radiation cancer therapy if promising results are confirmed
                      and an underlying mechanism understood. Comprehensive
                      measurements are essential to elucidate the phenomenon. We
                      report the first-ever demonstration of measurements of
                      successive in-spill and post-spill emissions of gammas
                      arising from irradiations by a FLASH proton beam. A small
                      positron emission tomography (PET) system was exposed in an
                      ocular beam of the Proton Therapy Center at MD Anderson
                      Cancer Center to view phantoms irradiated by 3.5 ×
                      1010protons with a kinetic energy of 75.8 MeV delivered in
                      101.5 ms-long spills yielding a dose rate of 164 Gy s-1.
                      Most in-spill events were due to prompt gammas.
                      Reconstructed post-spill tomographic events, recorded for up
                      to 20 min, yielded quantitative imaging and dosimetric
                      information. These findings open a new and novel modality
                      for imaging and monitoring of FLASH proton therapy
                      exploiting in-spill prompt gamma imaging followed by
                      post-spill PET imaging.},
      keywords     = {Protons / Proton Therapy: methods / Positron-Emission
                      Tomography / Radiometry / Phantoms, Imaging / FLASH (Other)
                      / PET (Other) / PET dosimetry (Other) / PET imaging (Other)
                      / Proton therapy (Other) / prompt gammas (Other) / Protons
                      (NLM Chemicals)},
      cin          = {E041},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)E041-20160331},
      pnm          = {315 - Bildgebung und Radioonkologie (POF4-315)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-315},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:37918021},
      doi          = {10.1088/1361-6560/ad0901},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/285678},
}