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@ARTICLE{Bienkowska:287292,
      author       = {A. Bienkowska and G. Raddatz$^*$ and J. Söhle and B.
                      Kristof and H. Völzke and S. Gallinat and F. Lyko$^*$ and
                      L. Kaderali and M. Winnefeld and E. Grönniger and C.
                      Falckenhayn},
      title        = {{D}evelopment of an epigenetic clock to predict visual age
                      progression of human skin.},
      journal      = {Frontiers in aging},
      volume       = {4},
      issn         = {2673-6217},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Media S.A.},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2024-00212},
      pages        = {1258183},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance / Front Aging. 2023; 4:
                      1258183.Published online 2024 Jan 11. doi:
                      10.3389/fragi.2023.1258183},
      abstract     = {Aging is a complex process characterized by the gradual
                      decline of physiological functions, leading to increased
                      vulnerability to age-related diseases and reduced quality of
                      life. Alterations in DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns have
                      emerged as a fundamental characteristic of aged human skin,
                      closely linked to the development of the well-known skin
                      aging phenotype. These changes have been correlated with
                      dysregulated gene expression and impaired tissue
                      functionality. In particular, the skin, with its visible
                      manifestations of aging, provides a unique model to study
                      the aging process. Despite the importance of epigenetic age
                      clocks in estimating biological age based on the correlation
                      between methylation patterns and chronological age, a
                      second-generation epigenetic age clock, which correlates
                      DNAm patterns with a particular phenotype, specifically
                      tailored to skin tissue is still lacking. In light of this
                      gap, we aimed to develop a novel second-generation
                      epigenetic age clock explicitly designed for skin tissue to
                      facilitate a deeper understanding of the factors
                      contributing to individual variations in age progression. To
                      achieve this, we used methylation patterns from more than
                      370 female volunteers and developed the first skin-specific
                      second-generation epigenetic age clock that accurately
                      predicts the skin aging phenotype represented by wrinkle
                      grade, visual facial age, and visual age progression,
                      respectively. We then validated the performance of our
                      clocks on independent datasets and demonstrated their broad
                      applicability. In addition, we integrated gene expression
                      and methylation data from independent studies to identify
                      potential pathways contributing to skin age progression. Our
                      results demonstrate that our epigenetic age clock, VisAgeX,
                      specifically predicting visual age progression, not only
                      captures known biological pathways associated with skin
                      aging, but also adds novel pathways associated with skin
                      aging.},
      keywords     = {DNA methylation (Other) / age progression (Other) / aging
                      (Other) / biological age (Other) / epigenetic age clock
                      (Other) / skin aging (Other) / visual age (Other) / wrinkles
                      (Other)},
      cin          = {A130},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)A130-20160331},
      pnm          = {311 - Zellbiologie und Tumorbiologie (POF4-311)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-311},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:38274286},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC10809641},
      doi          = {10.3389/fragi.2023.1258183},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/287292},
}