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@ARTICLE{Holz:289461,
      author       = {A. Holz and N. Obi and W. Ahrens and K. Berger and B. Bohn
                      and H. Brenner$^*$ and B. Fischer and J. Fricke and A.
                      Führer and S. Gastell and K. H. Greiser$^*$ and V. Harth
                      and J.-K. Heise and B. Holleczek and T. Keil and C. J.
                      Klett-Tammen and M. Leitzmann and W. Lieb and C.
                      Meinke-Franze and K. B. Michels and R. Mikolajczyk and K.
                      Nimptsch and A. Peters and T. Pischon and O. Riedel and T.
                      Schikowski and S. Schipf and B. Schmidt and M. B. Schulze
                      and A. Stang and K. Hellwig and K. Riemann-Lorenz and C.
                      Heesen and H. Becher},
      title        = {{C}hildhood and adolescence factors and multiple sclerosis:
                      results from the {G}erman {N}ational {C}ohort ({NAKO}).},
      journal      = {BMC neurology},
      volume       = {24},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1471-2377},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2024-00783},
      pages        = {123},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {Multiple Sclerosis (MS) represents the most common
                      inflammatory neurological disease causing disability in
                      early adulthood. Childhood and adolescence factors might be
                      of relevance in the development of MS. We aimed to
                      investigate the association between various factors (e.g.,
                      prematurity, breastfeeding, daycare attendance, weight
                      history) and MS risk.Data from the baseline assessment of
                      the German National Cohort (NAKO) were used to calculate
                      adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and $95\%$ confidence intervals
                      (CI) for the association between childhood and adolescence
                      factors and risk of MS. Analyses stratified by sex were
                      conducted.Among a total of 204,273 participants, 858
                      reported an MS diagnosis. Male sex was associated with a
                      decreased MS risk (HR 0.48; $95\%$ CI 0.41-0.56), while
                      overweight (HR 2.03; $95\%$ CI 1.41-2.94) and obesity (HR
                      1.89; $95\%$ CI 1.02-3.48) at 18 years of age compared to
                      normal weight were associated with increased MS risk. Having
                      been breastfed for ≤ 4 months was associated with a
                      decreased MS risk in men (HR 0.59; $95\%$ CI 0.40-0.86)
                      compared to no breastfeeding. No association with MS risk
                      was observed for the remaining factors.Apart from overweight
                      and obesity at the age of 18 years, we did not observe
                      considerable associations with MS risk. The proportion of
                      cases that can be explained by childhood and adolescence
                      factors examined in this study was low. Further
                      investigations of the association between the onset of
                      overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence and its
                      interaction with physical activity and MS risk seem
                      worthwhile.},
      keywords     = {Humans / Adolescent / Male / Adult / Overweight:
                      epidemiology / Multiple Sclerosis: epidemiology / Pediatric
                      Obesity / Exercise / Adolescence (Other) / Childhood (Other)
                      / Epidemiology (Other) / Multiple Sclerosis (Other)},
      cin          = {C070 / C120 / C020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)C120-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:38614986},
      doi          = {10.1186/s12883-024-03620-4},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/289461},
}