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@ARTICLE{Hardt:289952,
      author       = {J. Hardt$^*$ and A. Pryanichnikov$^*$ and N. Homolka$^*$
                      and E. A. DeJongh and D. F. DeJongh and R. Cristoforetti$^*$
                      and O. Jäkel$^*$ and J. Seco$^*$ and N. Wahl$^*$},
      title        = {{T}he potential of mixed carbon-helium beams for online
                      treatment verification: a simulation and treatment planning
                      study.},
      journal      = {Physics in medicine and biology},
      volume       = {69},
      number       = {12},
      issn         = {0031-9155},
      address      = {Bristol},
      publisher    = {IOP Publ.},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2024-00934},
      pages        = {125028},
      year         = {2024},
      note         = {#EA:E040#LA:E040#},
      abstract     = {Recently, a new and promising approach for range
                      verification was proposed. This method requires the use of
                      two different ion species. Due to their equal magnetic
                      rigidity, fully ionized carbon and helium ions can be
                      simultaneously accelerated in accelerators like
                      synchrotrons. At sufficiently high treatment energies,
                      helium ions can exit the patient distally, reaching
                      approximately three times the $range\
of$ carbon ions at
                      an equal energy per nucleon. Therefore, the proposal
                      involves adding a small helium fluence to the carbon ion
                      beam and utilizing helium as an online range probe during
                      radiation therapy. This work aims to develop a software
                      framework for treatment planning and motion verification in
                      range-guided radiation therapy using mixed carbon-helium
                      beams.The developed framework $is\
based$ on the
                      open-source treatment planning toolkit matRad. Dose
                      distributions and helium radiographs were simulated using
                      the open-source Monte Carlo package TOPAS. Beam delivery
                      system parameters were obtained from the Heidelberg Ion
                      Therapy Center, and imaging detectors along with
                      reconstruction were facilitated by ProtonVDA. Methods for
                      reconstructing the most likely patient positioning error
                      scenarios and the motion phase of 4DCT are presented for
                      prostate and lung cancer sites.The developed framework
                      provides the capability to calculate and optimize treatment
                      plans for mixed carbon-helium ion therapy. It can simulate
                      the treatment process and generate helium radiographs for
                      simulated patient geometry, including small beam views.
                      Furthermore, motion reconstruction based on these
                      radiographs seems possible with preliminary validation.The
                      developed framework can be applied for further experimental
                      work with the promising mixed carbon-helium ion
                      implementation of range-guided radiotherapy. It offers
                      opportunities for adaptation in particle therapy, improving
                      dose accumulation, and enabling patient anatomy
                      reconstruction during $radiotherapy.\&#xD.$},
      keywords     = {adaptive radiation therapy (Other) / carbon therapy (Other)
                      / helium imaging (Other) / mixed beam (Other) / motion
                      monitoring (Other)},
      cin          = {E040 / E041},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)E040-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)E041-20160331},
      pnm          = {315 - Bildgebung und Radioonkologie (POF4-315)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-315},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:38697212},
      doi          = {10.1088/1361-6560/ad46db},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/289952},
}