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@ARTICLE{Geiger:291529,
      author       = {C. Geiger and M. Needhamsen and E. B. Emanuelsson and J.
                      Norrbom and K. Steindorf$^*$ and C. J. Sundberg and S. M.
                      Reitzner and M. E. Lindholm},
      title        = {{DNA} methylation of exercise-responsive genes differs
                      between trained and untrained men.},
      journal      = {BMC biology},
      volume       = {22},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1741-7007},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2024-01423},
      pages        = {147},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {Physical activity is well known for its multiple health
                      benefits and although the knowledge of the underlying
                      molecular mechanisms is increasing, our understanding of the
                      role of epigenetics in long-term training adaptation remains
                      incomplete. In this intervention study, we included
                      individuals with a history of > 15 years of regular
                      endurance or resistance training compared to age-matched
                      untrained controls performing endurance or resistance
                      exercise. We examined skeletal muscle DNA methylation of
                      genes involved in key adaptation processes, including
                      myogenesis, gene regulation, angiogenesis and metabolism.A
                      greater number of differentially methylated regions and
                      differentially expressed genes were identified when
                      comparing the endurance group with the control group than in
                      the comparison between the strength group and the control
                      group at baseline. Although the cellular composition of
                      skeletal muscle samples was generally consistent across
                      groups, variations were observed in the distribution of
                      muscle fiber types. Slow-twitch fiber type genes MYH7 and
                      MYL3 exhibited lower promoter methylation and elevated
                      expression in endurance-trained athletes, while the same
                      group showed higher methylation in transcription factors
                      such as FOXO3, CREB5, and PGC-1α. The baseline DNA
                      methylation state of those genes was associated with the
                      transcriptional response to an acute bout of exercise. Acute
                      exercise altered very few of the investigated CpG
                      sites.Endurance- compared to resistance-trained athletes and
                      untrained individuals demonstrated a different DNA
                      methylation signature of selected skeletal muscle genes,
                      which may influence transcriptional dynamics following a
                      bout of acute exercise. Skeletal muscle fiber type
                      distribution is associated with methylation of fiber type
                      specific genes. Our results suggest that the baseline DNA
                      methylation landscape in skeletal muscle influences the
                      transcription of regulatory genes in response to an acute
                      exercise bout.},
      keywords     = {Humans / DNA Methylation / Male / Exercise: physiology /
                      Adult / Muscle, Skeletal: metabolism / Muscle, Skeletal:
                      physiology / Resistance Training / Epigenesis, Genetic /
                      Physical Endurance: genetics / DNA methylation (Other) /
                      Enzymatic methyl sequencing (Other) / Epigenomics (Other) /
                      Exercise (Other) / Gene expression (Other) / Training
                      (Other)},
      cin          = {C110},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C110-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:38965555},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC11225400},
      doi          = {10.1186/s12915-024-01938-6},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/291529},
}