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@ARTICLE{Brinker:292120,
      author       = {T. Brinker$^*$ and E. I. Krieghoff-Henning$^*$ and J. L.
                      Suhre and M. P. Silchmüller and E. Divizieva and J. Wilhelm
                      and G. Hillebrand and A. C. Haney and A. Srivastava and C.
                      M. Haney and W. Seeger and D. Penka and H. Gall and B. Gaim
                      and L. Glisic and T. Stark and S. M. Swoboda and S.
                      Baumermann and C. M. Brieske and L. Jakob and H. M. Fahrner
                      and O. Anhuef and S. M. Schmidt and J. Alfitian and L. Taha
                      and H. Beißwenger and D. A. Groneberg and R. E. Thomas and
                      S. Fröhling$^*$ and C. von Kalle and T. G. Baudson and F.
                      Buslaff and U. Mons$^*$},
      title        = {{E}valuation of a medical student-delivered smoking
                      prevention program utilizing a face-aging mobile app for
                      secondary schools in {G}ermany: {T}he {E}ducation {A}gainst
                      {T}obacco cluster-randomized controlled trial.},
      journal      = {European journal of cancer},
      volume       = {209},
      issn         = {0014-2964},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2024-01619},
      pages        = {114255},
      year         = {2024},
      note         = {#EA:C140#LA:C120#},
      abstract     = {To reduce smoking uptake in adolescents, the medical
                      students' network Education Against Tobacco (EAT) has
                      developed a school-based intervention involving a face-aging
                      mobile app (Smokerface).A two-arm cluster-randomized
                      controlled trial was conducted, evaluating the 2016 EAT
                      intervention, which employed the mobile app Smokerface and
                      which was delivered by medical students. Schools were
                      randomized to intervention or control group. Surveys were
                      conducted at baseline (pre-intervention) and at 9, 16, and
                      24 months post-intervention via paper $\&$ pencil
                      questionnaires. The primary outcome was the difference in
                      within-group changes in smoking prevalence between
                      intervention and control group at 24 months.Overall, 144
                      German secondary schools comprising 11,286 pupils
                      participated in the baseline survey, of which 100 schools
                      participated in the baseline and at least one of the
                      follow-up surveys, yielding 7437 pupils in the analysis
                      sample. After 24 months, smoking prevalence was numerically
                      lower in the intervention group compared to control group
                      (12.9 $\%$ vs. 14.3 $\%);$ however, between-group
                      differences in change in smoking prevalence between baseline
                      and 24-months follow-up (OR=0.83, 95 $\%-CI:$ 0.64-1.09)
                      were not statistically significant (p = 0.176). Intention to
                      start smoking among baseline non-smokers declined
                      non-significantly in the intervention group (p = 0.064), and
                      remained essentially unchanged in the control group, but
                      between-group differences in changes at the 24-months
                      follow-up (OR=0.88, 0.64-1.21) were not statistically
                      significant (p = 0.417).While a trend towards beneficial
                      effects of the intervention regarding smoking prevalence as
                      well as intention to start smoking among baseline
                      non-smokers was observed, our smoking prevention trial
                      demonstrated no significant effect of the intervention.},
      keywords     = {Prevention (Other) / Schools (Other) / Smoking (Other) /
                      Smoking prevention (Other) / Tobacco prevention (Other)},
      cin          = {C140 / B340 / C120},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C140-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)B340-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)C120-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:39111207},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114255},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/292120},
}