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@ARTICLE{Reichmann:294453,
      author       = {R. Reichmann and K. Nimptsch and T. Pischon and M. J.
                      Gunter and M. Jenab and A. K. Eriksen and A. Tjonneland and
                      J. Janke and V. Katzke$^*$ and R. Kaaks$^*$ and M. B.
                      Schulze and F. Eichelmann and G. Masala and S. Sieri and F.
                      Pasanisi and R. Tumino and M. T. Giraudo and J. Rothwell and
                      G. Severi and P. Jakszyn and M. J. Sanchez-Perez and P.
                      Amiano and S. M. Colorado-Yohar and M. Guevara and B. van
                      Guelpen and E. K. Aglago and A. K. Heath and K. Smith-Byrne
                      and E. Weiderpass and K. Aleksandrova},
      title        = {{S}ex- and site-specific associations of circulating
                      lipocalin 2 and incident colorectal cancer: {R}esults from
                      the {EPIC} cohort.},
      journal      = {International journal of cancer},
      volume       = {156},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {0020-7136},
      address      = {Bognor Regis},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Liss},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2024-02278},
      pages        = {930-942},
      year         = {2025},
      note         = {2025 Mar 1;156(5):930-942},
      abstract     = {Experimental research has uncovered lipocalin 2 (LCN2) as a
                      novel biomarker implicated in the modulation of intestinal
                      inflammation, metabolic homeostasis, and colon
                      carcinogenesis. However, evidence from human research has
                      been scant. We, therefore, explored the association of
                      pre-diagnostic circulating LCN2 concentrations with incident
                      colorectal cancer (CRC) in a nested case-control study
                      within the in the European Prospective Investigation into
                      Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. LCN2 was measured in
                      1267 incident CRC cases matched to 1267 controls using
                      incidence density sampling. Conditional logistic regression
                      was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and $95\%$
                      confidence intervals $(95\%$ CIs) according to tumor subsite
                      and sex. Weighted Cox proportional hazard regression was
                      used to explore associations by adiposity status. In
                      multivariable-adjusted analyses, the IRR $[95\%$ CI] per
                      doubling in LCN2 concentration was 1.16 [0.98-1.37] for CRC
                      overall, 1.26 [1.00-1.59] for colon cancer, and 1.08
                      [0.85-1.38] for rectal cancer. The association for colon
                      cancer was more pronounced in women (IRR $[95\%$ CI], 1.66
                      [1.20-2.30]) and for proximal colon cancer (IRR $[95\%$ CI],
                      1.96 [1.15-3.34]), whereas no association was seen in men
                      and distal colon cancer. The association for colon cancer
                      was positive in individuals with high waist circumference
                      (hazard ratio $[95\%$ CI], 1.69 [1.52-1.88]) and inverse in
                      individuals with low waist circumference (hazard ratio
                      $[95\%$ CI], 0.86 [0.76-0.98], P interaction<0.01). Overall,
                      these data suggest that pre-diagnostic LCN2 concentrations
                      were positively associated with colon cancer, particularly
                      occurring in the proximal colon, in women and among
                      individuals with abdominal adiposity.},
      keywords     = {EPIC (Other) / colorectal cancer (Other) / immunity (Other)
                      / lipocalin 2 (Other) / metabolism (Other)},
      cin          = {C020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:39511728},
      doi          = {10.1002/ijc.35205},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/294453},
}