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@ARTICLE{Degen:296216,
      author       = {M. Degen$^*$ and L.-J. Chen$^*$ and B. Schöttker$^*$},
      title        = {{M}edication reviews in hospitalised patients for reduced
                      hospital readmission and mortality. {S}ystematic review,
                      meta-analysis and meta-regression of {RCT}s.},
      journal      = {Ageing research reviews},
      volume       = {104},
      issn         = {1568-1637},
      address      = {Oxford [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2025-00129},
      pages        = {102661},
      year         = {2025},
      note         = {#EA:C070#LA:C070# / 2025 Feb;104:102661},
      abstract     = {Efforts to reduce preventable medication-related harm
                      through medication reviews have increased, but interventions
                      often yield null-results regarding clinical outcomes. We
                      conducted a systematic literature search in four data bases
                      and summarised the available evidence from randomised
                      controlled trials (RCTs) comparing medication reviews and
                      usual care in hospitalised patients regarding hospital
                      readmissions and all-cause mortality by random-effects
                      meta-analyses. Effect size differences by methodological
                      study differences were of special interest. The
                      meta-analysis of all 24 trials on hospital readmissions,
                      including 12,539 participants, showed a statistically
                      significant $8\%$ decrease in hospital readmissions (risk
                      ratio (RR) $[95\%$ confidence interval]: (0.92 [0.88-0.97],
                      p=0.002). The number of patient contacts was the most
                      prominent effect modifier in meta-regression (p=0.003) and
                      the effect of medication reviews was approximately twice as
                      strong $(15\%)$ in 11 trials with 2 or more patient contacts
                      (0.85 [0.78-0.92], p<0.001). No statistically significant
                      reduction in all-cause mortality was observed in a
                      meta-analysis of all 22 trials with data for this outcome
                      (0.95 [0.86-1.04], p=0.24), including 12,350 participants.
                      The method of mortality assessment was identified as an
                      effect modifier by meta-regression (p=0.01). A meta-analysis
                      of 10 trials with complete mortality ascertainment via
                      registries or primary care data showed a significantly
                      $19\%$ reduced mortality (0.81 [0.70-0.94], p<0.01)). In
                      conclusion, medication reviews reduce the risk of hospital
                      readmission and might also reduce all-cause mortality.
                      Comprehensive mortality assessment was essential for
                      successful trials. Clinical guidelines should recommend
                      medication reviews with multiple patient contacts, involving
                      pharmacists, either for repeated medication reviews or to
                      improve adherence.},
      subtyp        = {Review Article},
      keywords     = {Hospitalizations (Other) / Medication Review (Other) /
                      Mortality (Other) / Polypharmacy (Other) / Randomized
                      Controlled Trial (Other) / Systematic Review (Other)},
      cin          = {C070},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:39805472},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.arr.2025.102661},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/296216},
}