%0 Journal Article
%A Maatz, Henrike
%A Lindberg, Eric L
%A Adami, Eleonora
%A López-Anguita, Natalia
%A Perdomo-Sabogal, Alvaro
%A Cocera Ortega, Lucía
%A Patone, Giannino
%A Reichart, Daniel
%A Myronova, Anna
%A Schmidt, Sabine
%A Elsanhoury, Ahmed
%A Klein, Oliver
%A Kühl, Uwe
%A Wyler, Emanuel
%A Landthaler, Markus
%A Yousefian, Schayan
%A Haas, Simon
%A Kurth, Florian
%A Teichmann, Sarah A
%A Oudit, Gavin Y
%A Milting, Hendrik
%A Noseda, Michela
%A Seidman, Jonathan G
%A Seidman, Christine E
%A Heidecker, Bettina
%A Sander, Leif E
%A Sawitzki, Birgit
%A Klingel, Karin
%A Doeblin, Patrick
%A Kelle, Sebastian
%A Van Linthout, Sophie
%A Hubner, Norbert
%A Tschöpe, Carsten
%T The cellular and molecular cardiac tissue responses in human inflammatory cardiomyopathies after SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination.
%J Nature cardiovascular research
%V 4
%N 3
%@ 2731-0590
%C London
%I Nature Publishing Group UK
%M DKFZ-2025-00428
%P 330-345
%D 2025
%Z 2025 Mar;4(3):330-345
%X Myocarditis, characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration, can have multiple etiologies, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or, rarely, mRNA-based coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. The underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing on left ventricular endomyocardial biopsies from patients with myocarditis unrelated to COVID-19 (Non-COVID-19), after SARS-CoV-2 infection (Post-COVID-19) and after COVID-19 vaccination (Post-Vaccination). We identified distinct cytokine expression patterns, with interferon-γ playing a key role in Post-COVID-19, and upregulated IL16 and IL18 expression serving as a hallmark of Post-Vaccination myocarditis. Although myeloid responses were similar across all groups, the Post-Vaccination group showed a higher proportion of CD4+ T cells, and the Post-COVID-19 group exhibited an expansion of cytotoxic CD8+ T and natural killer cells. Endothelial cells showed gene expression changes indicative of vascular barrier dysfunction in the Post-COVID-19 group and ongoing angiogenesis across all groups. These findings highlight shared and distinct mechanisms driving myocarditis in patients with and without a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination.
%F PUB:(DE-HGF)16
%9 Journal Article
%$ pmid:39994453
%R 10.1038/s44161-025-00612-6
%U https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/299468