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@ARTICLE{Licher:299492,
      author       = {J. Licher and J. Achenbach and J. Köhn and M. Diefenhardt
                      and M. Fleischmann and C. Rödel$^*$ and N. Tselis and U.
                      Ramm and C. Scherf},
      title        = {{A}dvantages of 3{D} printed patient-individual moulds in
                      brachytherapy for facial skin cancer.},
      journal      = {Strahlentherapie und Onkologie},
      volume       = {201},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {0179-7158},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer Medizin},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2025-00452},
      pages        = {940-952},
      year         = {2025},
      note         = {2025 Sep;201(9):940-952},
      abstract     = {Facial skin cancer of 42 elderly frail patients was treated
                      with individualised 3D-printed mould applicators for
                      high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy. The dosimetric outcome
                      was compared to conventionally manufactured individual
                      moulds used before.Tumour-adapted HDR brachytherapy source
                      paths were pre-planned and dosimetrically optimised in the
                      brachytherapy treatment planning system (TPS) using computed
                      tomography (CT) data and considered in the design of the
                      patient-individual moulds. Dosimetric outcome for the
                      planning target volumes and organs at risk were
                      statistically evaluated and compared for pre-planning, final
                      clinical treatment planning with TG-43 formalism and
                      retrospective tissue, material and CT density related TG-186
                      calculations.Pre-planning allows reliable brachytherapy
                      source paths design to achieve intended dosimetric clinical
                      goals. The 3D-printed patient-specific moulds show a clear
                      advantage in the dosimetric coverage of the target volume
                      (improving D90 from $98.3\%$ to $104.3\%)$ and the
                      protection of the relevant organs at risk (reduction up to
                      $30\%$ of maximum Dose). With the 3D-printed moulds only
                      minor deviations were observed for TG-43 and TG-186 dose
                      recalculations of the treated plans.Customised 3D printed
                      moulds offer a safe and efficient technique to treat facial
                      skin cancer in critical locations and complex clinical
                      situations with HDR brachytherapy. The two-step planning
                      process results in reliable PTV dose coverage and efficient
                      sparing of eye lenses and eyeballs. Dosimetric outcome and
                      interfractional position reproducibility with 3D printed
                      moulds were superior to conventionally manufactured facial
                      moulds with respect to the clinical goals.},
      keywords     = {3D printing (Other) / Brachytherapy (Other) / Individual
                      moulds (Other) / Radiotherapy (Other) / Skin cancer (Other)},
      cin          = {FM01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)FM01-20160331},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40009080},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00066-025-02372-5},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/299492},
}