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@ARTICLE{Mandic:300129,
      author       = {M. Mandic$^*$ and F. Safizadeh$^*$ and B. Schöttker$^*$
                      and B. Holleczek$^*$ and M. Hoffmeister$^*$ and H.
                      Brenner$^*$},
      title        = {{B}ody mass index across adulthood, weight gain and cancer
                      risk: a population-based cohort study.},
      journal      = {BMC cancer},
      volume       = {25},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1471-2407},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {BioMed Central},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2025-00626},
      pages        = {488},
      year         = {2025},
      note         = {#EA:C070#LA:C070#},
      abstract     = {Although the association between excess weight and cancer
                      risk is well established, it is not known how this
                      association evolves across the lifespan. We aimed to
                      investigate the strength of the association of excess weight
                      at different ages in adulthood and adult weight gain with
                      cancer risk.We used data from a German population-based
                      cohort study of 9,218 participants aged 50-75 (mean 62)
                      years recruited between 2000 and 2002. Participants provided
                      socio-demographic, medical, and lifestyle data, including
                      self-reported current height and weight (at ages 20, 30, 40,
                      50 and baseline). Main exposures were body mass index (BMI,
                      kg/m2) at different ages and weight change (kg) since age
                      20. The outcome was obesity-related cancer (13 types).
                      Hazard ratios (HRs) and $95\%$ confidence intervals (CIs)
                      were estimated using multivariable Cox models.During a
                      median follow-up of 17.1 years, 852 diagnoses of
                      obesity-related cancers were recorded. Overweight and
                      obesity in early and middle adulthood showed no significant
                      associations with obesity-related cancer risk, whereas
                      significant positive associations were observed for
                      overweight and obesity at age 50 years and older. For weight
                      change since age 20, strong associations were found, with
                      HRs $(95\%$ CI) of 1.42 (1.11-1.81), 1.57 (1.24-1.99) and
                      1.96 (1.56-2.47) for the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartile compared
                      to the lowest quartile, respectively. After mutual
                      adjustment for adult weight gain and BMI at baseline, the
                      estimates for weight gain persisted, while those for BMI at
                      baseline disappeared. The main limitation of the study is
                      that the weights were self-reported.Our findings suggest
                      that excess weight may have a varying effect on cancer risk
                      through life with its impact potentially being more
                      pronounced in later adulthood, and that adulthood weight
                      gain might be a better indicator of obesity-related cancer
                      risk than BMI measured at a single point in time.},
      keywords     = {Humans / Body Mass Index / Middle Aged / Male / Weight Gain
                      / Female / Neoplasms: epidemiology / Neoplasms: etiology /
                      Aged / Obesity: complications / Obesity: epidemiology / Risk
                      Factors / Germany: epidemiology / Cohort Studies /
                      Proportional Hazards Models / Adult / Overweight:
                      complications / Overweight: epidemiology / Follow-Up Studies
                      / Breast cancer (Other) / Cancer (Other) / Colorectal cancer
                      (Other) / Excess weight (Other) / Obesity (Other) /
                      Overweight (Other) / Weight gain (Other)},
      cin          = {C070 / HD01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)HD01-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40097970},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC11912780},
      doi          = {10.1186/s12885-025-13855-0},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/300129},
}