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@ARTICLE{Rach:300633,
author = {S. Rach and M. Sand and A. Reineke and H. Becher and K. H.
Greiser$^*$ and K. Wolf and K. Wirkner and C. O. Schmidt and
S. Schipf and K.-H. Jöckel and L. Krist and W. Ahrens and
H. Brenner$^*$ and S. Castell and S. Gastell and V. Harth
and B. Holleczek and T. Ittermann and S. Janisch-Fabian and
A. Karch and T. Keil and C. J. Klett-Tammen and A. Kluttig
and O. Kuß and M. Leitzmann and W. Lieb and C.
Meinke-Franze and K. B. Michels and R. Mikolajczyk and I.
Moreno Velásquez and N. Obi and C. Övermöhle and A.
Peters and T. Pischon and S. Rospleszcz and B. Schmidt and
M. B. Schulze and A. Stang and H. Teismann and C. Töpfer
and R. Wolff and K. Günther},
title = {{T}he baseline examinations of the {G}erman {N}ational
{C}ohort ({NAKO}): recruitment protocol, response, and
weighting.},
journal = {European journal of epidemiology},
volume = {40},
number = {4},
issn = {0393-2990},
address = {[Cham]},
publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland AG},
reportid = {DKFZ-2025-00847},
pages = {475-489},
year = {2025},
note = {2025 Apr;40(4):475-489},
abstract = {The German National Cohort (NAKO) is the largest
population-based epidemiologic cohort study in Germany and
investigates the causes of the most common chronic diseases.
Between 2014 and 2019, a total of 1.3 million residents aged
20-69 years from 16 German regions were randomly selected
from the general population and invited to participate
following a highly standardized recruitment protocol. The
overall response was $15.6\%$ and differed considerably
across study centers $(7.6-30.7\%).$ Females were more
likely to participate than males $(17.5\%$ vs. $14.1\%)$ and
participation increased with age $(10.2\%$ in age group ' <
29 years' up to $20.7\%$ in age group ' > 60 years'). Across
all study regions, response was highest in rural areas
$(22.3\%),$ followed by towns and suburbs $(17.2\%),$ and
was lowest in cities $(14.5\%).$ Compared with the general
population in the respective study regions, participants
with low and medium education are underrepresented in the
NAKO sample, while highly educated participants are
overrepresented. Participants with non-German nationality
and with a migration background are also underrepresented.
Participants living in single households are
underrepresented, while participants from larger households
(2 or more persons) are overrepresented compared to the
general population. Survey weights are made available to
researchers along with the study data that account for the
sampling design and adjust for differences in the
distribution of age, sex, nationality (German vs.
non-German), migration status, education, and household
size.},
keywords = {Cohort studies (Other) / Correction weights (Other) /
Epidemiology (Other) / Nonresponse (Other) / Participation
(Other) / Population-based (Other) / Response (Other) /
Sample design (Other) / Survey weights (Other)},
cin = {C020 / C070},
ddc = {610},
cid = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331},
pnm = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
pid = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
pubmed = {pmid:40259125},
doi = {10.1007/s10654-025-01219-8},
url = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/300633},
}