%0 Journal Article
%A Jäger, Susanne
%A Kuxhaus, Olga
%A Prada, Marcela
%A Huybrechts, Inge
%A Tong, Tammy Y N
%A Forouhi, Nita G
%A Razquin, Cristina
%A Corella, Dolores
%A Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel A
%A Dahm, Christina C
%A Ibsen, Daniel B
%A Tjønneland, Anne
%A Halkjær, Jytte
%A Marques, Chloé
%A Cadeau, Claire
%A Ren, Xuan
%A Katzke, Verena
%A Bendinelli, Benedetta
%A Agnoli, Claudia
%A Catalano, Alberto
%A Farràs, Marta
%A Sánchez, Maria-Jose
%A López, María Dolores Chirlaque
%A Guevara, Marcela
%A Aune, Dagfinn
%A Sharp, Stephen J
%A Wareham, Nicholas J
%A Schulze, Matthias B
%T Nut consumption, linoleic and α-linolenic acid intakes, and genetics: how fatty acid desaturase 1 impacts plasma fatty acids and type 2 diabetes risk in EPIC-InterAct and PREDIMED studies.
%J BMC medicine
%V 23
%N 1
%@ 1741-7015
%C London
%I BioMed Central
%M DKFZ-2025-01175
%P 344
%D 2025
%X Dietary guidelines recommend replacing saturated fatty acid with unsaturated fats, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids. Cohort studies do not suggest a clear benefit of higher intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids but, in contrast, higher circulating linoleic acid (LA) levels-reflective of dietary LA intake, are associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. However, genetic variants in the fatty acid desaturase 1 gene (FADS1) may influence individual responses to plant-based fats. We explored whether FADS1 variants influence the relationships of LA and α-linolenic acid (ALA) intakes and nut consumption with plasma phospholipid fatty acid profiles and type 2 diabetes risk in a large-scale cohort study and a randomized controlled trial.In the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort (7,498 type 2 diabetes cases, 10,087 subcohort participants), we investigated interactions of dietary and plasma phospholipid fatty acids and nut consumption with FADS1 rs174547 in relation to incident type 2 diabetes using weighted Cox regression. In PREDIMED (492 participants in the Mediterranean Diet + Nuts intervention group, 436 participants in the control group), we compared changes in plasma phospholipid FAs from baseline to year 1.In EPIC-InterAct and PREDIMED, nut consumption was positively associated with LA plasma levels and inversely with arachidonic acid, the latter becoming stronger with increasing number of the minor rs174547 C allele (p interaction EPIC-InterAct: 0.030, PREDIMED: 0.003). Although the inverse association of nut consumption with diabetes seemed stronger in participants with rs174547 CC-genotype (HR: 0.73, 95
%K Humans
%K Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2: genetics
%K Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2: blood
%K Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2: epidemiology
%K Fatty Acid Desaturases: genetics
%K Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase
%K alpha-Linolenic Acid: administration & dosage
%K Male
%K Female
%K Linoleic Acid: administration & dosage
%K Linoleic Acid: blood
%K Middle Aged
%K Aged
%K Nuts
%K Fatty Acids: blood
%K Cohort Studies
%K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
%K Risk Factors
%K Cohort study (Other)
%K Fatty acid desaturase (Other)
%K Plasma phospholipid fatty acids (Other)
%K Polyunsaturated fatty acids (Other)
%K Randomized controlled trial (Other)
%K Fatty Acid Desaturases (NLM Chemicals)
%K Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase (NLM Chemicals)
%K FADS1 protein, human (NLM Chemicals)
%K alpha-Linolenic Acid (NLM Chemicals)
%K Linoleic Acid (NLM Chemicals)
%K Fatty Acids (NLM Chemicals)
%F PUB:(DE-HGF)16
%9 Journal Article
%$ pmid:40484934
%R 10.1186/s12916-025-04187-8
%U https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/301905