TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jäger, Susanne
AU  - Kuxhaus, Olga
AU  - Prada, Marcela
AU  - Huybrechts, Inge
AU  - Tong, Tammy Y N
AU  - Forouhi, Nita G
AU  - Razquin, Cristina
AU  - Corella, Dolores
AU  - Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel A
AU  - Dahm, Christina C
AU  - Ibsen, Daniel B
AU  - Tjønneland, Anne
AU  - Halkjær, Jytte
AU  - Marques, Chloé
AU  - Cadeau, Claire
AU  - Ren, Xuan
AU  - Katzke, Verena
AU  - Bendinelli, Benedetta
AU  - Agnoli, Claudia
AU  - Catalano, Alberto
AU  - Farràs, Marta
AU  - Sánchez, Maria-Jose
AU  - López, María Dolores Chirlaque
AU  - Guevara, Marcela
AU  - Aune, Dagfinn
AU  - Sharp, Stephen J
AU  - Wareham, Nicholas J
AU  - Schulze, Matthias B
TI  - Nut consumption, linoleic and α-linolenic acid intakes, and genetics: how fatty acid desaturase 1 impacts plasma fatty acids and type 2 diabetes risk in EPIC-InterAct and PREDIMED studies.
JO  - BMC medicine
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
SN  - 1741-7015
CY  - London
PB  - BioMed Central
M1  - DKFZ-2025-01175
SP  - 344
PY  - 2025
AB  - Dietary guidelines recommend replacing saturated fatty acid with unsaturated fats, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids. Cohort studies do not suggest a clear benefit of higher intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids but, in contrast, higher circulating linoleic acid (LA) levels-reflective of dietary LA intake, are associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. However, genetic variants in the fatty acid desaturase 1 gene (FADS1) may influence individual responses to plant-based fats. We explored whether FADS1 variants influence the relationships of LA and α-linolenic acid (ALA) intakes and nut consumption with plasma phospholipid fatty acid profiles and type 2 diabetes risk in a large-scale cohort study and a randomized controlled trial.In the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort (7,498 type 2 diabetes cases, 10,087 subcohort participants), we investigated interactions of dietary and plasma phospholipid fatty acids and nut consumption with FADS1 rs174547 in relation to incident type 2 diabetes using weighted Cox regression. In PREDIMED (492 participants in the Mediterranean Diet + Nuts intervention group, 436 participants in the control group), we compared changes in plasma phospholipid FAs from baseline to year 1.In EPIC-InterAct and PREDIMED, nut consumption was positively associated with LA plasma levels and inversely with arachidonic acid, the latter becoming stronger with increasing number of the minor rs174547 C allele (p interaction EPIC-InterAct: 0.030, PREDIMED: 0.003). Although the inverse association of nut consumption with diabetes seemed stronger in participants with rs174547 CC-genotype (HR: 0.73, 95
KW  - Humans
KW  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2: genetics
KW  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2: blood
KW  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2: epidemiology
KW  - Fatty Acid Desaturases: genetics
KW  - Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase
KW  - alpha-Linolenic Acid: administration & dosage
KW  - Male
KW  - Female
KW  - Linoleic Acid: administration & dosage
KW  - Linoleic Acid: blood
KW  - Middle Aged
KW  - Aged
KW  - Nuts
KW  - Fatty Acids: blood
KW  - Cohort Studies
KW  - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
KW  - Risk Factors
KW  - Cohort study (Other)
KW  - Fatty acid desaturase (Other)
KW  - Plasma phospholipid fatty acids (Other)
KW  - Polyunsaturated fatty acids (Other)
KW  - Randomized controlled trial (Other)
KW  - Fatty Acid Desaturases (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - FADS1 protein, human (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - alpha-Linolenic Acid (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - Linoleic Acid (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - Fatty Acids (NLM Chemicals)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:40484934
DO  - DOI:10.1186/s12916-025-04187-8
UR  - https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/301905
ER  -