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@ARTICLE{Vancoppenolle:301922,
      author       = {J. Vancoppenolle and N. Franzen and L. Azarang and T.
                      Juslin and M. Krini and T. Lubbers and J. Mattson and D.
                      Mayeur and R. Menezes and J. Schmitt and F. Scotte and O.
                      Seoane López and T. Skaali and J. Ubels$^*$ and M.
                      Schlander$^*$ and V. Retel and W. H. van Harten},
      collaboration = {O. W. G. H. Economics},
      title        = {{F}inancial toxicity and socioeconomic impact of cancer in
                      {E}urope.},
      journal      = {ESMO open},
      volume       = {10},
      number       = {6},
      issn         = {2059-7029},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2025-01192},
      pages        = {105293},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Even with universal health care, patients living with
                      cancer often face substantial treatment-related costs and
                      income loss in Europe. Insights into the socioeconomic
                      impact of cancer within and across countries are needed to
                      create awareness, inform policy, and develop targeted
                      measurement instruments. The SEC study aims to explore the
                      socioeconomic impact and financial toxicity of cancer and
                      identify vulnerable patient groups across Europe.To
                      investigate experiences of a large number of patients, data
                      were collected in a collaborative effort of hospitals and
                      patient organizations across Europe through convenience
                      sampling. Patients undergoing treatment currently or treated
                      within the past 2 years could participate. A 44-item survey
                      was developed to measure the socioeconomic impact following
                      a cancer diagnosis. The primary outcome was the level of
                      financial toxicity, measured by the Financial Index of
                      Toxicity (FIT) score. To identify vulnerable groups,
                      multiple regression analyses were used to investigate the
                      association between the FIT score, clinical characteristics,
                      and socioeconomic demographics, including cancer type,
                      employment status, and country of residence.A total of 2507
                      patients across Europe met the inclusion criteria. Fifty-six
                      percent of the patients reported income loss and $86\%$
                      additional treatment-related expenses. Sixteen percent of
                      patients delayed or avoided medical visits, buying
                      medication, surgery, or other health services. Next to a
                      significant association of the country of residence, our
                      regression models demonstrated that divorced, self-employed
                      patients who were younger (-0.02; P = 0.000) and lower
                      educated (0.75; P = 0.000) with a lower household income
                      (1.21; P = 0.000) and children (0.21; P = 0.000) at the time
                      of diagnosis reported significantly higher FIT scores
                      compared with older patients who were married (-0.56; P =
                      0.000), retired (-1.55; P = 0.000), or employed (-0.56; P =
                      0.000).In every European Union country, a substantial number
                      of patients with cancer report serious financial
                      consequences and stress. Further research is critical to
                      inform well-tailored policies and interventions to limit the
                      socioeconomic impact on patients with cancer.},
      keywords     = {Europe (Other) / financial toxicity (Other) / income loss
                      (Other) / non-treatment adherence (Other) / oncology (Other)
                      / socioeconomic impact (Other)},
      cin          = {C100},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C100-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40494040},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.105293},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/301922},
}