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@ARTICLE{Seidl:302843,
      author       = {M. Seidl and E. B. Haghighi and A. K. Lösslein and M.
                      Hufnagel and F. Lohrmann and C. Schneider and D. S.
                      Kohlfürst and W. Zenz and G. Gorkiewicz and C.
                      Feiterna-Sperling and R. Krüger and P. Bronsert and C.
                      Neppl and K. Z. Sommer and V. Stehl and M. Börries$^*$ and
                      M. Kuntz and P. Henneke},
      title        = {{I}mmunopathogenic and clinical implications of advanced
                      tissue analysis in non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections
                      in children.},
      journal      = {Frontiers in immunology},
      volume       = {16},
      issn         = {1664-3224},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Media},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2025-01383},
      pages        = {1597074},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Infections with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in
                      children usually affect the lymph nodes and surrounding
                      tissue. Although the infection is typically self-limiting,
                      it carries a substantial risk of complications due to
                      persistent inflammation and invasive therapeutic
                      interventions. Yet, the immunopathogenesis of the disease is
                      obscure, as are biomarkers guiding treatment decisions.In
                      this observational study, we analyzed histological samples
                      collected in the NTMkids study to identify parameters
                      associated with impaired wound healing and complicated
                      disease progression. Samples from 33 patients (median age at
                      first presentation 33 months) were investigated, with two
                      consecutive biopsies in 9 patients.Germinal centers, a
                      scattered distribution of granuloma associated CD4+ T-cells,
                      higher CD8+ T-cell density inside the necrosis and foamy
                      epitheloid cells were associated with a favorable outcome.
                      Tissue damage presenting clinically as liquefaction was
                      associated with an adverse outcome.The identified tissue
                      reaction patterns in NTM infections provide insights into
                      the biology of NTM lymphadenitis in children and may aid in
                      more precise treatment decisions.},
      keywords     = {Humans / Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous:
                      immunology / Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous:
                      pathology / Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous:
                      microbiology / Male / Female / Child, Preschool / Infant /
                      Child / Nontuberculous Mycobacteria: immunology /
                      CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes: immunology / Lymphadenitis:
                      immunology / Lymphadenitis: pathology / Lymphadenitis:
                      microbiology / CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes: immunology /
                      Lymph Nodes: pathology / Lymph Nodes: immunology / Biopsy /
                      Germinal Center: immunology / Germinal Center: pathology /
                      children (Other) / complications (Other) / giant cells
                      (Other) / granuloma (Other) / histology (Other) /
                      lymphadenitis (Other) / non-tuberculous mycobacteria
                      (Other)},
      cin          = {FR01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)FR01-20160331},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40661952},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC12257029},
      doi          = {10.3389/fimmu.2025.1597074},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/302843},
}