% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded. This means that in the presence % of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older. % Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or % “biber”. @ARTICLE{Kenkhuis:302865, author = {M.-F. Kenkhuis and M. Doorenbos and I. H. Mast and N. K. Aaronson and M. van Beurden and M. Bohus and K. S. Courneya and A. J. Daley and D. A. Galvão and M. M. Goedendorp and W. H. van Harten and S. C. Hayes and A. E. Hiensch and M. L. Irwin and M. J. Kersten and H. Knoop and A. M. May and A. McConnachie and W. van Mechelen and N. Mutrie and R. U. Newton and F. Nollet and H. S. Oldenburg and M. Schmidt$^*$ and K. H. Schmitz and K.-H. Schulz and G. S. Sonke and K. Steindorf$^*$ and M. M. Stuiver and D. R. Taaffe and L. Thorsen and M. J. Velthuis and J. Wiskemann and I. Mesters and C. M. Ulrich and J. K. van Vulpen and J. A. E. Custers and L. M. Buffart}, title = {{E}xercise effects on symptoms of depression and anxiety vary by patient, clinical, and intervention characteristics in cancer survivors: {R}esults from pooled analyses of individual participant data of 26 {RCT}s.}, journal = {Supportive care in cancer}, volume = {33}, number = {7}, issn = {0941-4355}, address = {New York,NY}, publisher = {Springer}, reportid = {DKFZ-2025-01405}, pages = {647}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This study aimed to investigate whether socio-demographic, clinical, and intervention-related variables moderate the effects of exercise on depression and anxiety symptoms in cancer survivors.Data from 26 RCTs in the POLARIS database were analyzed using a one-step individual participant data (IPD) meta-analytic approach with linear mixed models to assess exercise effects on depression and anxiety symptoms (z-scores). Interaction terms were added to these models to explore moderators. Results are presented as betas (corresponding to Cohen's d effect size).Albeit statistically significant, exercise demonstrated negligible effects on symptoms of depression (β = - 0.11; $95\%$ CI = - 0.16; - 0.06) and anxiety (β = - 0.07; $95\%$ CI = - 0.12; - 0.02) compared to controls. The effects of exercise interventions on depressive symptoms were larger for patients who were not living with a partner (β = - 0.23; $95\%$ CI = - 0.35; - 0.11), had a low/medium education level (β = - 0.14; $95\%$ CI = - 0.21; - 0.07), and who had moderate-to-severe symptoms of depression at baseline (β = - 0.30; $95\%$ CI = - 0.43; - 0.16). Patients with moderate-to-severe symptoms of depression at baseline combined with those not living with a partner or a low/medium education level yielded the largest effect size through exercise (β = - 0.61; $95\%$ CI = - 0.89; - 0.33 and β = - 0.37; $95\%$ CI = - 0.57; - 0.17, respectively). Effects on anxiety symptoms were larger for patients with moderate-to-severe symptoms of anxiety at baseline (β = - 0.17; $95\%$ CI = - 0.32; - 0.01) compared to those with no-to-mild symptoms. Sex, age, cancer type, BMI, and intervention-related variables did not moderate the exercise effects.The findings of this study highlight the heterogeneous response to exercise interventions across various patient subgroups. Patients with moderate-to-severe anxiety or depression, those with a low/medium education, and those not living together with a partner may particularly benefit.}, keywords = {Humans / Anxiety: therapy / Anxiety: etiology / Depression: therapy / Depression: etiology / Exercise: psychology / Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Male / Female / Neoplasms: psychology / Cancer Survivors: psychology / Middle Aged / Survivors: psychology / Exercise Therapy: methods / Adult / Anxiety (Other) / Cancer survivors (Other) / Depression (Other) / Distress (Other) / Exercise (Other) / Moderators (Other)}, cin = {C110}, ddc = {610}, cid = {I:(DE-He78)C110-20160331}, pnm = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)}, pid = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313}, typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16}, pubmed = {pmid:40591016}, pmc = {pmc:PMC12213934}, doi = {10.1007/s00520-025-09646-9}, url = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/302865}, }