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000303011 1001_ $$00000-0001-6803-9284$$aMorales, Ivonne$$b0
000303011 245__ $$aPerformance and feasibility of self-microsampling of capillary blood and saliva for serological testing of SARS-CoV-2.
000303011 260__ $$aSan Francisco, California, US$$bPLOS$$c2025
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000303011 520__ $$aSerology is a valuable tool to estimate infections, case-fatality rates, and immunity. However, venipuncture and clinical infrastructure hinder scalability. This study evaluated the performance, feasibility and user experience of using a microsampling device for self-collected capillary blood and saliva to determine total SARS-CoV-2 S RBD antibodies.It included 149 participants with (n = 48) or without (n = 101) a known history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and confirmed antibodies. Venous and capillary blood were self- or professionally collected from all, and saliva was self-collected by 46/48 participants with antibodies. The detection of SARS-CoV-2 S RBD antibodies in all sample types was tested using a high-throughput platform and agreement was calculated. Intra- and inter-rater agreement between serum and capillary blood in participants with an unknown antibody status was also assessed. Participants evaluated the device's user-friendliness through questionnaires.Among the 48 participants with known past infection and antibodies, agreement was 100% (95% CI: 92.6-100) between serum and capillary blood (self-collected or professionally collected). Self-collected saliva had slightly lower agreement with paired serum samples (95.7%, CI: 85.2-99.5). For the 101 participants without prior evidence of antibodies or infection, serum and self-collected capillary blood had good intra-rater agreement and serum and professionally collected capillary blood had almost perfect intra-rater agreement. Inter-rater agreement was also almost perfect. While 81.8% found the self-finger prick easy, 53.4% found using the microsampler easy. Among those who collected saliva, 84.8% found capillary blood easier to collect compared to saliva (52.2%).Our results show that detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from capillary blood and saliva collected with the VAMS microsampling device is feasible and yields valid results. To ensure accuracy and reliability, additional training in self-sampling techniques may be essential. The positive user experience further underscores the microsampling device's potential for scalable serosurveillance and strengthening pandemic preparedness efforts.
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000303011 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aAntibodies, Viral
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSaliva: virology
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCOVID-19: diagnosis
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCOVID-19: blood
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCOVID-19: virology
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFemale
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSARS-CoV-2: immunology
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSARS-CoV-2: isolation & purification
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMale
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMiddle Aged
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAntibodies, Viral: blood
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAntibodies, Viral: analysis
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAdult
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFeasibility Studies
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCOVID-19 Serological Testing: methods
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAged
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSpecimen Handling: methods
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aBlood Specimen Collection: methods
000303011 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCapillaries
000303011 7001_ $$aBueggeln, Josh$$b1
000303011 7001_ $$aDenzler, Anna$$b2
000303011 7001_ $$aSonntag-Buck, Vera$$b3
000303011 7001_ $$aBörner, Kathleen$$b4
000303011 7001_ $$aChlanda, Petr$$b5
000303011 7001_ $$aKoeppel, Lisa$$b6
000303011 7001_ $$aDeckert, Andreas$$b7
000303011 7001_ $$aBärnighausen, Till$$b8
000303011 7001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)03ae15a30a7fa7191475148bf4e7f581$$aKnop, Michael$$b9$$udkfz
000303011 7001_ $$00000-0002-7216-7067$$aDenkinger, Claudia M$$b10
000303011 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2267670-3$$a10.1371/journal.pone.0327821$$gVol. 20, no. 7, p. e0327821 -$$n7$$pe0327821$$tPLOS ONE$$v20$$x1932-6203$$y2025
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