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@ARTICLE{Majidi:303508,
      author       = {A. Majidi and S. Rinaldi and C. Biessy and B. Vozar and T.
                      Truong and R. Turzanski Fortner$^*$ and C. Le Cornet$^*$ and
                      M. B. Schulze and C. Panico and R. Tumino and G. Masala and
                      F. Ricceri and C. Vener and M.-J. Sánchez and R. Zamora-Ros
                      and M. Crous-Bou and S. M. Colorado-Yohar and M. Guevara and
                      P. Israelsson and R. Travis and E. Riboli and A. Fournier
                      and L. Dossus},
      title        = {{T}hyroid hormones and epithelial ovarian cancer risk and
                      survival: results from the {EPIC} study.},
      journal      = {Journal of the National Cancer Institute},
      volume       = {nn},
      issn         = {0027-8874},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Oxford Univ. Press},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2025-01698},
      pages        = {nn},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones
                      (free triiodothyronine[fT3] and free thyroxine[fT4]) may
                      influence cancer outcomes, but evidence for ovarian cancer
                      is limited.We conducted a nested case-control study
                      comparing 578 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cases to
                      matched controls within the European Prospective
                      Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). To examine
                      associations between circulating TSH, fT3, and fT4 levels
                      and EOC risk, we estimated risk ratios (RRs) and $95\%$
                      confidence intervals (CIs) per standard deviation (SD) using
                      conditional logistic regression. Among cases, we evaluated
                      all-cause and EOC-specific survival by pre-diagnostic
                      hormone levels. Hazard ratios (HRs) and $95\%$ CIs were
                      calculated using multivariable Cox regression. We also
                      estimated covariate-adjusted restricted mean survival time
                      (RMST) and survival probabilities at 5 and 10 years.Thyroid
                      hormones were not associated with EOC risk $(RR[95\%CI]$ per
                      SD increase: TSH = 0.99[0.87-1.12]), fT3 = 1.12[0.70-1.79],
                      and fT4 = 1.08[0.56-2.07]) levels. However, higher TSH
                      levels were associated with better survival $(HR[95\%CI]$
                      per SD: all-cause death = 0.90[0.82-0.99], EOC-specific =
                      0.88[0.79-0.97]), while higher fT4 levels were associated
                      with worse survival (all-cause = 1.10[1.00-1.22],
                      EOC-specific = 1.17[1.05-1.30]), but no association for fT3.
                      RMST and survival probabilities showed similar patterns: for
                      TSH , 10-year RMST and survival increased from 5.3 years and
                      $42.2\%$ in Q1 to 6.4 years and $50.7\%$ in (Quartile[Q]4).
                      Conversely, for fT4, 10-year RMST declined from 5.6 years
                      (Q1) to 5.1 years Q4, and survival from $46.3\%$ to
                      $37.8\%.TSH$ and Thyroid hormones might not affect ovarian
                      cancer risk. However, high fT4 and low TSH concentrations
                      may be associated with poorer survival. Further evaluation
                      is suggested in other populations.},
      cin          = {C180},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C180-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40811636},
      doi          = {10.1093/jnci/djaf222},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/303508},
}