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@ARTICLE{Penzo:303963,
      author       = {C. Penzo and I. Özel$^*$ and M. Martinovic and M. Kuzman
                      and D. Glavas and M. Stanic and T. Reichenbach and T. G.
                      Müller and M. Rheinberger and N. Godarzi and D. Lapaillerie
                      and B. Srezovic and M. C. dell'Oca and L. C. Lange and L.
                      Sadhu and I. J. de Castro and I. L. Shytaj and M. Forcato
                      and V. Laketa and S. Bicciato and K. Vlahovicek and O. T.
                      Fackler and B. Lucic and V. Pena and H.-G. Kräusslich and
                      V. Parissi and M. Lusic},
      title        = {{A}quarius helicase facilitates {HIV}-1 integration into
                      {R}-loop enriched genomic regions.},
      journal      = {Nature microbiology},
      volume       = {10},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {2058-5276},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Nature Publishing Group},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2025-01732},
      pages        = {2306-2322},
      year         = {2025},
      note         = {2025 Sep;10(9):2306-2322},
      abstract     = {HIV-1 integration into host chromosomes, essential for
                      viral replication, is catalysed by viral integrase (IN). IN
                      recurrently targets intronic regions of transcriptionally
                      active genes, but a detailed understanding of this process
                      is still unclear. Here, using ex vivo activated human
                      primary CD4+T cells, we find that genomic RNA:DNA hybrids
                      (R-loops) preferentially map to intronic regions of active
                      genes that are typical HIV-1 integration sites. IN binds
                      R-loops and their resolution enhances viral integration in
                      vitro. We identify Aquarius (AQR), the splicing RNA helicase
                      of the pentameric intron binding complex (IBC), which
                      associates with IN and show that its RNA:DNA helicase
                      activity promotes integration into hybrid substrates in
                      vitro. Knockout of AQR in primary CD4+ T cells impaired
                      overall integration efficiency, while sequencing of
                      remaining integrations mapped them to intergenic and R-loop
                      distal regions. These findings may have important
                      implications for HIV-1 latency and reactivation and may thus
                      identify novel therapeutic targets.},
      cin          = {B087},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)B087-20160331},
      pnm          = {312 - Funktionelle und strukturelle Genomforschung
                      (POF4-312)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-312},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40836041},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41564-025-02089-2},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/303963},
}