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@ARTICLE{Berden:304503,
      author       = {J. Berden and G. T. Hanley-Cook and B. Chimera and D. Aune
                      and M. G. M. Pinho and G. Nicolas and B. Srour and C. J.
                      Millett and E. Koc Cakmak and E. Kesse-Guyot and E. M.
                      González-Gil and E. P. Vamos and J. Blanco Lopez and J.
                      Baudry and J. Berlivet and K. Chang and M. Touvier and C. Le
                      Cornet$^*$ and C. Marques and C. C. Dahm and D. B. Ibsen and
                      F. Jannasch and G. Skeie and M.-J. Sanchez and M. B. Schulze
                      and S. Grioni and Y. T. van der Schouw and A. M. Jimenez
                      Zabala and A. Winkvist and A. Tjønneland and C. Sacerdote
                      and C. Kyrø and E. Weiderpass and M. Guevara and P. Frenoy
                      and R. Tumino and S. Panico and V. Katzke$^*$ and X. Ren and
                      P. Vineis and P. Ferrari and C. Lachat and I. Huybrechts},
      title        = {{Q}uantifying the {E}nvironmental and {F}ood {B}iodiversity
                      {I}mpacts of {U}ltra-{P}rocessed {F}oods - {E}vidence from
                      the {EPIC} {S}tudy.},
      journal      = {Public health nutrition},
      volume       = {nn},
      issn         = {1368-9800},
      address      = {Cambridge},
      publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2025-01892},
      pages        = {nn},
      year         = {2025},
      note         = {epub},
      abstract     = {While associations of ultra-processed food (UPF)
                      consumption with adverse health outcomes are accruing, its
                      environmental and food biodiversity impacts remain
                      underexplored. This study examines associations between UPF
                      consumption and dietary greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe),
                      land use, and food biodiversity.Prospective cohort study.
                      Linear mixed models estimated associations between UPF
                      intake (grams/day and kcal/day) and GHGe (kg
                      CO₂-equivalents/day), land use (m2/day), and dietary
                      species richness (DSR). Substitution analyses assessed the
                      impact of replacing UPFs with unprocessed or minimally
                      processed foods.368,733 participants in the European
                      Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
                      study.Europe.Stronger associations were found for UPF
                      consumption in relation with GHGe and land use compared to
                      unprocessed or minimally processed food consumption.
                      Substituting UPFs with unprocessed or minimally processed
                      foods was associated with lower GHGe $(8.9\%;$ $95\%CI:$
                      -9.0; -8.9) and land use $(9.3\%;$ -9.5; -9.2) when
                      considering consumption by gram per day and higher GHGe
                      $(2.6\%;$ $95\%$ CI: 2.5: 2.6) and land use $(1.2\%;$ 1.0;
                      1.3) when considering consumption in kilocalories per day.
                      Substituting UPF by unprocessed or minimally processed foods
                      led to negligible differences in DSR, both for consumption
                      in grams $(-0.1\%;$ -0.2; -0.1) and kilocalories $(1.0\%;$
                      1.0; 1.1).UPF consumption was strongly associated with GHGe
                      and land use as compared to unprocessed or minimally
                      processed food consumption, while associations with food
                      biodiversity were marginal. Substituting UPFs with
                      unprocessed or minimally processed foods resulted in
                      differing directions of associations with environmental
                      impacts, depending on whether substitutions were weight- or
                      calorie-based.},
      keywords     = {environmental impact (Other) / food biodiversity (Other) /
                      food processing (Other) / ultra-processed foods (Other)},
      cin          = {C180 / C020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C180-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40931427},
      doi          = {DOI:10.1017/S1368980025101067},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/304503},
}