TY  - JOUR
AU  - Alemu, Sisay
AU  - Mons, Ute
AU  - Schaller, Katrin
AU  - Baltaci, Ezgi
AU  - Hoe, Connie
TI  - Spatial distribution of e-cigarette vending machines: a case study from Germany.
JO  - Tobacco control
VL  - nn
SN  - 0964-4563
CY  - London
PB  - BMJ Publ. Group
M1  - DKFZ-2025-01964
SP  - nn
PY  - 2025
N1  - #EA:C170#LA:C170# / epub / Short report
AB  - Germany has the highest density of cigarette vending machines globally, and the recent proliferation of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) vending machines raises growing public health concerns, particularly regarding youth exposure. However, limited data exist on their spatial distribution and contextual placement. This study presents the first spatial analysis of e-cigarette vending machines in Germany, using the Berlin-based company 'Vape4Me' as a case study.Geo-referenced data on e-cigarette vending machine locations were extracted from the Vape4Me website and cross-validated using Google Maps and Microsoft Bing Maps. Spatial analyses-including density mapping, proximity assessments and co-location analysis-were conducted using ArcGIS Pro, R and OpenRouteService. Associations with population size were examined through regression analysis. Selected sites in Cologne and Wiesbaden were visited for on-site validation.A total of 316 (Vape4Me) e-cigarette vending machines were identified in Germany, with the highest concentration in Berlin. Machine density was significantly associated with population size, with a 3.24
KW  - Advertising and Promotion (Other)
KW  - Denormalization (Other)
KW  - Electronic nicotine delivery devices (Other)
KW  - Public policy (Other)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:41015524
DO  - DOI:10.1136/tc-2025-059546
UR  - https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/304973
ER  -