TY - JOUR AU - Maia, Ana AU - Schuhmacher, Juliane AU - Nadalin, Silvio AU - Königsrainer, Alfred AU - Thiel, Karolin AU - Nelde, Annika AU - Zinser, Raphael S AU - Schroeder, Christopher AU - Mattern, Sven AU - Singer, Stephan AU - Bösmüller, Hans AU - Rammensee, Hans-Georg AU - Löffler, Markus W AU - Gouttefangeas, Cécile TI - Exceptional tumor-free survival of a patient with metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after surgery and personalized peptide vaccination: revisiting a striking case. JO - Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer VL - 13 IS - 10 SN - 2051-1426 CY - London PB - BioMed Central M1 - DKFZ-2025-02068 SP - e012107 PY - 2025 AB - Cholangiocarcinomas are rare but aggressive liver tumors of high lethality with scarce treatment options. Here we report on the follow-up of a patient diagnosed with an intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma who experienced repeated tumor recurrences including distant metastasis, therefore facing a dismal prognosis. At present, this patient is tumor-free for more than 8 years following repeated surgery and application of two successive personalized vaccines. In-depth functional immune cell analyses revealed a dominant CD4+ T-cell response against the vaccine antigens with infiltration of the tumor site and immune responses prevailing for years following the last vaccine administration. Additionally, spontaneous tumor neoantigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses have been detected, which might have contributed to the outstanding outcome witnessed in this patient. This case report highlights vaccination strategies targeting non-mutated antigens as well as the increasingly recognized central role of antitumor CD4+ T cells. KW - Humans KW - Cholangiocarcinoma: therapy KW - Cholangiocarcinoma: pathology KW - Cholangiocarcinoma: immunology KW - Cholangiocarcinoma: surgery KW - Bile Duct Neoplasms: therapy KW - Bile Duct Neoplasms: pathology KW - Bile Duct Neoplasms: immunology KW - Cancer Vaccines: therapeutic use KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - Precision Medicine: methods KW - Vaccines, Subunit: therapeutic use KW - Disease-Free Survival KW - CD4+T cells (Other) KW - cancer vaccine (Other) KW - case report (Other) KW - metastatic cholangiocarcinoma (Other) KW - Cancer Vaccines (NLM Chemicals) KW - Vaccines, Subunit (NLM Chemicals) LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 C6 - pmid:41067882 DO - DOI:10.1136/jitc-2025-012107 UR - https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/305222 ER -