%0 Journal Article %A Gogebakan, Kemal Caglar %A Elsisi, Zizi %A Montano-Campos, Felipe %A Owens, Lukas %A Zhao, Yibai %A Gulati, Roman %A Ferdinandus, Justin %A Fendler, Wolfgang P %A Calais, Jeremie %A Hope, Thomas A %A Carlsson, Sigrid %A Fainberg, Jonathan %A Laudone, Vincent %A Kunst, Natalia %A Berlin, Alejandro %A Schipper, Matthew %A Barbour, Andrew %A Iravani, Amir %A Etzioni, Ruth %T Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging as a precision diagnostic at prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy: Modeling long-term survival. %J Cancer %V 131 %N 21 %@ 0008-543X %C New York, NY %I Wiley-Liss %M DKFZ-2025-02170 %P e70131 %D 2025 %Z ISSN 1097-0142 %X Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA-PET/CT) is affecting the management of patients with prostate cancer with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. The long-term outcomes of tailoring salvage treatment on the basis of PSMA-PET/CT status remain to be determined.A decision-analytic model was developed to project incremental life-years of strategies that allocate treatments at biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy on the basis of PSMA-PET/CT status (PSMA-metastatic vs. PSMA-nonmetastatic). Modeled treatments are local/regional (radiation) or systemic (hormone therapy and doublet therapy), administered immediately or delayed. PSMA-metastatic status was assumed to lead to treatment intensification, whereas PSMA-nonmetastatic status would lead to deintensification. To project survival, data on progression to metastasis from a clinical cohort were combined with registry data on postmetastasis survival. Because of the lack of data on long-term treatment benefits by PSMA status, survival was projected by varying the hazard ratio (HR) for disease-specific death among PSMA-metastatic versus PSMA-nonmetastatic patients under delayed or local/regional regimens (HR1) and under immediate systemic regimens (HR2).Mean life-years are projected to be 15.5 under the non-PSMA-tailored strategy, and mean incremental life-years range from 0.38 to 0.81 depending on HR1 and HR2. A greater benefit is projected when PSMA-metastatic status is more adverse under salvage regimens that do not include systemic agents.This decision-analytic modeling study projects that PSMA-PET/CT-guided management at biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy yields a modest survival benefit under the specified model inputs and assumptions regarding treatment distributions. These findings may complement emerging data on the corresponding economic costs and health-related quality of life. %K Humans %K Male %K Prostatic Neoplasms: diagnostic imaging %K Prostatic Neoplasms: mortality %K Prostatic Neoplasms: surgery %K Prostatic Neoplasms: pathology %K Prostatic Neoplasms: therapy %K Prostatectomy %K Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography: methods %K Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: diagnostic imaging %K Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: mortality %K Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II: metabolism %K Antigens, Surface: metabolism %K Salvage Therapy %K Aged %K Middle Aged %K biochemical recurrence (Other) %K decision‐analytic model (Other) %K prostate cancer (Other) %K prostate‐specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA‐PET/CT) (Other) %K Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II (NLM Chemicals) %K FOLH1 protein, human (NLM Chemicals) %K Antigens, Surface (NLM Chemicals) %F PUB:(DE-HGF)16 %9 Journal Article %$ pmid:41108673 %R 10.1002/cncr.70131 %U https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/305452