TY - JOUR AU - Gogebakan, Kemal Caglar AU - Elsisi, Zizi AU - Montano-Campos, Felipe AU - Owens, Lukas AU - Zhao, Yibai AU - Gulati, Roman AU - Ferdinandus, Justin AU - Fendler, Wolfgang P AU - Calais, Jeremie AU - Hope, Thomas A AU - Carlsson, Sigrid AU - Fainberg, Jonathan AU - Laudone, Vincent AU - Kunst, Natalia AU - Berlin, Alejandro AU - Schipper, Matthew AU - Barbour, Andrew AU - Iravani, Amir AU - Etzioni, Ruth TI - Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging as a precision diagnostic at prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy: Modeling long-term survival. JO - Cancer VL - 131 IS - 21 SN - 0008-543X CY - New York, NY PB - Wiley-Liss M1 - DKFZ-2025-02170 SP - e70131 PY - 2025 N1 - ISSN 1097-0142 AB - Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA-PET/CT) is affecting the management of patients with prostate cancer with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. The long-term outcomes of tailoring salvage treatment on the basis of PSMA-PET/CT status remain to be determined.A decision-analytic model was developed to project incremental life-years of strategies that allocate treatments at biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy on the basis of PSMA-PET/CT status (PSMA-metastatic vs. PSMA-nonmetastatic). Modeled treatments are local/regional (radiation) or systemic (hormone therapy and doublet therapy), administered immediately or delayed. PSMA-metastatic status was assumed to lead to treatment intensification, whereas PSMA-nonmetastatic status would lead to deintensification. To project survival, data on progression to metastasis from a clinical cohort were combined with registry data on postmetastasis survival. Because of the lack of data on long-term treatment benefits by PSMA status, survival was projected by varying the hazard ratio (HR) for disease-specific death among PSMA-metastatic versus PSMA-nonmetastatic patients under delayed or local/regional regimens (HR1) and under immediate systemic regimens (HR2).Mean life-years are projected to be 15.5 under the non-PSMA-tailored strategy, and mean incremental life-years range from 0.38 to 0.81 depending on HR1 and HR2. A greater benefit is projected when PSMA-metastatic status is more adverse under salvage regimens that do not include systemic agents.This decision-analytic modeling study projects that PSMA-PET/CT-guided management at biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy yields a modest survival benefit under the specified model inputs and assumptions regarding treatment distributions. These findings may complement emerging data on the corresponding economic costs and health-related quality of life. KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Prostatic Neoplasms: diagnostic imaging KW - Prostatic Neoplasms: mortality KW - Prostatic Neoplasms: surgery KW - Prostatic Neoplasms: pathology KW - Prostatic Neoplasms: therapy KW - Prostatectomy KW - Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography: methods KW - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: diagnostic imaging KW - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local: mortality KW - Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II: metabolism KW - Antigens, Surface: metabolism KW - Salvage Therapy KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - biochemical recurrence (Other) KW - decision‐analytic model (Other) KW - prostate cancer (Other) KW - prostate‐specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA‐PET/CT) (Other) KW - Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II (NLM Chemicals) KW - FOLH1 protein, human (NLM Chemicals) KW - Antigens, Surface (NLM Chemicals) LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 C6 - pmid:41108673 DO - DOI:10.1002/cncr.70131 UR - https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/305452 ER -