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024 7 _ |a 10.1088/1361-6560/ae2db9
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024 7 _ |a 0031-9155
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024 7 _ |a 1361-6560
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037 _ _ |a DKFZ-2025-03070
041 _ _ |a English
082 _ _ |a 530
100 1 _ |a Julius Blöcker, Tom
|0 0009-0002-2650-4680
|b 0
245 _ _ |a GTV segmentation in MRI guided radiotherapy with promptable foundation models.
260 _ _ |a Bristol
|c 2025
|b IOP Publ.
336 7 _ |a article
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336 7 _ |a ARTICLE
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336 7 _ |a JOURNAL_ARTICLE
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336 7 _ |a Journal Article
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500 _ _ |a PUBLISHED29 December 2025
520 _ _ |a Objective. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided radiotherapy requires the delineation of gross tumor volumes (GTV) in daily MRI from MRI-linacs. Specialized models have been developed for this task for certain tumors. This study investigated an alternative, using promptable foundation models.Approach. Promptable foundation models were prompted with six different sparse geometric prompt types (points, boxes, 2D masks) to produce GTV segmentation masks, including Segment-anything 2 (SAM2), SAM2 fine-tuned for medical imaging (MedSAM2), and nnInteractive, an nnUnet-based promptable model for medical imaging. A diverse multi-institutional dataset of clinical GTV masks from the abdomen, lung, liver, pancreas, and pelvis sites on MRI scans from MRI-linacs was used to evaluate model outputs using various metrics, including the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC).Main results. The models produced segmentation masks comparable or superior to those from domain-specific models with median DSCs of up to 0.85 (nnInteractive-mask3 prompt). Prompts with more spatial information yielded better results with lower variance, with the effect reduced for nnInteractive and MedSAM2. These produced overall better results (median DSC over all prompt types 0.75 for nnInteractive, 0.70 for MedSAM2, 0.54 for SAM2).Significance. This investigation showed that promptable foundation models can in principle be used for GTV segmentation in MRI across multiple tumor types, although more research is necessary to reduce the variance and improve model performance.
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650 _ 7 |a GTV segmentation
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a MRI-linac
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a MRgRT
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a deep learning
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a foundation models
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a promptable models
|2 Other
650 _ 2 |a Magnetic Resonance Imaging
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Humans
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Radiotherapy, Image-Guided: methods
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Tumor Burden
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Image Processing, Computer-Assisted: methods
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Neoplasms: radiotherapy
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Neoplasms: diagnostic imaging
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Neoplasms: pathology
|2 MeSH
700 1 _ |a Delopoulos, Nikolaos
|b 1
700 1 _ |a Palacios, Miguel A
|b 2
700 1 _ |a Klüter, Sebastian
|0 0000-0003-3139-3444
|b 3
700 1 _ |a Hörner-Rieber, Juliane
|b 4
700 1 _ |a Rippke, Carolin
|b 5
700 1 _ |a Placidi, Lorenzo
|b 6
700 1 _ |a Boldrini, Luca
|b 7
700 1 _ |a Frascino, Vincenzo
|b 8
700 1 _ |a Andratschke, Nicolaus
|b 9
700 1 _ |a Baumgartl, Michael
|b 10
700 1 _ |a Dal Bello, Riccardo
|b 11
700 1 _ |a Marschner, Sebastian N
|b 12
700 1 _ |a Belka, Claus
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700 1 _ |a Corradini, Stefanie
|b 14
700 1 _ |a Dudas, Denis
|0 0000-0003-0667-3727
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700 1 _ |a Riboldi, Marco
|0 0000-0002-2431-4966
|b 16
700 1 _ |a Kurz, Christopher
|b 17
700 1 _ |a Landry, Guillaume
|0 0000-0003-1707-4068
|b 18
773 _ _ |a 10.1088/1361-6560/ae2db9
|g Vol. 71, no. 1, p. 015006 -
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|t Physics in medicine and biology
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|x 0031-9155
856 4 _ |y OpenAccess
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