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@ARTICLE{KrieghoffHenning:310165,
      author       = {E. Krieghoff-Henning$^*$ and B. Pai$^*$ and M.
                      Collienne$^*$ and I. Ben-Batalla$^*$ and S. Loges$^*$},
      title        = {{S}ex {D}ifferences in {C}ancer {I}mmunotherapy-{C}linical
                      {E}vidence and {M}echanisms {W}ith a {F}ocus on {NSCLC}.},
      journal      = {Immunological reviews},
      volume       = {nn},
      issn         = {0105-2896},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2026-00481},
      pages        = {nn},
      year         = {2026},
      note         = {#EA:A420#EA:B340#LA:A420# / #DKTKZFB26# / #NCTZFB26# /
                      epub},
      abstract     = {Accumulating evidence suggests that the immune system shows
                      subtle but relevant differences between men and women. These
                      differences may have an impact on cancer development and TME
                      composition as well as responses to and adverse events
                      elicited by immunotherapies. Several, albeit not all,
                      clinical trials indicate a greater benefit from
                      mono-immunotherapies over chemotherapies for male patients
                      than for female patients, especially in non-small cell lung
                      cancer and melanoma. Vice versa, female patients might
                      benefit more from chemo-immunotherapies. In human as well as
                      animal models, sex differences in cancer microenvironment
                      composition were described, with partially divergent
                      results. Sex-specific factors such as the levels of
                      hormones, in particular testosterone and estrogen, or X- or
                      Y-chromosome associated genes are likely to drive the
                      observed differences, but are often confounded by external
                      influences such as smoking behavior, diet, or UV exposure.
                      Therefore, large clinical and mechanistic knowledge gaps
                      remain regarding the influence of sex on cancer
                      immunotherapies and strategies to optimize response in
                      either sex. More clinical as well as experimental research
                      in this field is required to close these knowledge gaps, and
                      clinical trials should include large enough groups of male
                      and/or female patients to allow robust sex-specific
                      analyses.},
      subtyp        = {Review Article},
      keywords     = {immune checkpoint inhibitor (Other) / immunotherapy (Other)
                      / non‐small cell lung cancer/NSCLC (Other) / sex
                      differences (Other) / testosterone (Other) / tumor
                      microenvironment/TME (Other)},
      cin          = {A420 / B340 / HD02 / HD01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)A420-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)B340-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)HD02-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)HD01-20160331},
      pnm          = {311 - Zellbiologie und Tumorbiologie (POF4-311)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-311},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:41761458},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC12949348},
      doi          = {10.1111/imr.70113},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/310165},
}