% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Jansen:168740,
      author       = {J. Jansen$^*$ and J. Knoll$^*$ and E. Beyreuther and J.
                      Pawelke and R. Skuza$^*$ and R. Hanley$^*$ and S. Brons and
                      F. Pagliari$^*$ and J. Seco$^*$},
      title        = {{D}oes {FLASH} deplete {O}xygen? {E}xperimental
                      {E}valuation for {P}hotons, {P}rotons and {C}arbon {I}ons.},
      journal      = {Medical physics},
      volume       = {48},
      number       = {7},
      issn         = {2473-4209},
      address      = {College Park, Md.},
      publisher    = {AAPM},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2021-01034},
      pages        = {3982-3990},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {#EA:E041#LA:E041# / 2021 Jul;48(7):3982-3990},
      abstract     = {To investigate experimentally, if FLASH irradiation
                      depletes oxygen within water for different radiation types
                      such as photons, protons and carbon ions.This study presents
                      measurements of the oxygen consumption in sealed, 3D printed
                      water phantoms during irradiation with X-rays, protons and
                      carbon ions at varying dose rates up to 340Gy/s. The oxygen
                      measurement was performed using an optical sensor allowing
                      for non-invasive measurements.Oxygen consumption in water
                      only depends on dose, dose rate and linear energy transfer
                      (LET) of the irradiation. The total amount of oxygen
                      depleted per 10Gy was found to be $0.04\%$ atm - $0.18\%$
                      atm for 225 kV photons, $0.04\%$ atm - $0.25\%$ atm for 224
                      MeV protons and $0.09\%$ atm - $0.17\%$ atm for carbon ions.
                      Consumption depends on dose rate by an inverse power law and
                      saturates for higher dose rates because of self-interactions
                      of radicals. Higher dose rates yield lower oxygen
                      consumption. No total depletion of oxygen was found for
                      clinical doses.FLASH irradiation does consume oxygen, but
                      not enough to deplete all the oxygen present. For higher
                      dose rates, less oxygen was consumed than at standard
                      radiotherapy dose rates. No total depletion was found for
                      any of the analyzed radiation types for 10Gy dose delivery
                      using FLASH.},
      cin          = {E041},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)E041-20160331},
      pnm          = {315 - Bildgebung und Radioonkologie (POF4-315)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-315},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:33948958},
      doi          = {10.1002/mp.14917},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/168740},
}