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@INPROCEEDINGS{Karle:177447,
      author       = {C. Karle$^*$ and J. Seco$^*$},
      title        = {{I}nvestigating water radiolysis during proton mini and
                      micro beam irradiation with {TOPAS}-n{B}io},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2021-02539},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Authors: Celine Karle, Lucas Noberto Burigo, Riccardo Dal
                      Bello, Joao SecoThe main focus of this project is to assess
                      the chemical products of water radiolysis during proton mini
                      and micro beams irradiation with TOPAS-nbio. Mini and micro
                      beams are characterized by the alternation of high dose
                      peaks and low dose valleys. The peak to valley distance
                      commonly used is either millimeter or micrometer for mini or
                      micro beam respectively. Molecular candidates, such as H2O2,
                      are currently being investigated in order to potentially
                      explain the mechanisms of this radiation therapy
                      form.TOPAS-nbio is an extension of the TOPAS software to
                      adjust it to radiobiological applications. Therefore, the MC
                      simulation can be used to model the temporal production,
                      interaction and diffusion of different radiolysis products.
                      Firstly, a single proton beam, which irradiates a water
                      phantom, is modeled. The produced chemical species during
                      the pre-chemical and chemical state up to 1 µs are scored.
                      The temporal change of the distribution of the molecules
                      H2O2and HO2 of special interest since they reach a steady
                      state after 1 µs, which could potentially explain the
                      efficiency of micro and mini-beam radiation therapy.The
                      steady-state conclusion has previously been drawn by the
                      TRAX-CHEM simulation [Dal Bello, R., et al. (2020). Proposal
                      of a Chemical Mechanism for Mini-Beam and Micro-Beam
                      Efficacy, https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2020.564836]. To
                      verify this finding, the temporal evolution of the relative
                      abundance from the mentioned molecules and the H2O2
                      distribution with increasing distance from the beam axis is
                      investigated with the TOPAS-nbio software and compared to
                      the TRAX-CHEM results.},
      month         = {Jun},
      date          = {2021-06-04},
      organization  = {PTCOG 59, Taipei (Taiwan), 4 Jun 2021
                       - 7 Jun 2021},
      subtyp        = {Invited},
      cin          = {E041},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)E041-20160331},
      pnm          = {315 - Bildgebung und Radioonkologie (POF4-315)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-315},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/177447},
}