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@ARTICLE{Harbs:179436,
      author       = {J. Harbs and S. Rinaldi and A. Gicquiau and P.
                      Keski-Rahkonen and N. Mori and X. Liu and R. Kaaks$^*$ and
                      V. Katzke$^*$ and M. B. Schulze and C. Agnoli and R. Tumino
                      and B. Bueno-de-Mesquita and M. Crous-Bou and M.-J. Sánchez
                      and A. Aizpurua and M.-D. Chirlaque and A. B. Gurrea and R.
                      C. Travis and E. L. Watts and S. Christakoudi and K. K.
                      Tsilidis and E. Weiderpass and M. J. Gunter and B. Van
                      Guelpen and N. Murphy and S. Harlid},
      title        = {{C}irculating {S}ex {H}ormone {L}evels and {C}olon {C}ancer
                      {R}isk in {M}en: {A} {N}ested {C}ase-{C}ontrol {S}tudy and
                      {M}eta-{A}nalysis.},
      journal      = {Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers $\&$ prevention},
      volume       = {31},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1055-9965},
      address      = {Philadelphia, Pa.},
      publisher    = {AACR},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2022-00676},
      pages        = {793 - 803},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Endogenous sex hormones may contribute to higher colorectal
                      cancer incidence rates in men compared with women, but
                      despite an increased number of studies, clear evidence is
                      lacking.We conducted a comprehensive nested case-control
                      study of circulating concentrations of sex hormones, sex
                      hormone precursors, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)
                      in relation to subsequent colon cancer risk in European men.
                      Concentrations were measured using liquid LC/MS-MS in
                      prospectively collected plasma samples from 690 cases and
                      690 matched controls from the European Prospective
                      Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and the
                      Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study (NSHDS) cohorts.
                      Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to
                      estimate odds ratios (OR) and $95\%$ confidence intervals
                      (CI). In addition, we conducted a meta-analysis of previous
                      studies on men.Circulating levels of testosterone (OR, 0.68;
                      $95\%$ CI, 0.51-0.89) and SHBG (OR, 0.77; $95\%$ CI,
                      0.62-0.96) were inversely associated with colon cancer risk.
                      For free testosterone, there was a nonsignificant inverse
                      association (OR, 0.83; $95\%$ CI, 0.58-1.18). In a
                      dose-response meta-analysis of endogenous sex hormone
                      levels, inverse associations with colorectal/colon cancer
                      risk were found for testosterone [relative risks (RR) per
                      100 ng/dL = 0.98; $95\%$ CI, 0.96-1.00; I2 = $22\%]$ and
                      free testosterone (RR per 1 ng/dL = 0.98; $95\%$ CI,
                      0.95-1.00; I2 = $0\%).Our$ results provide suggestive
                      evidence for the association between testosterone, SHBG, and
                      male colon cancer development.Additional support for the
                      involvement of sex hormones in male colon cancer.},
      keywords     = {Case-Control Studies / Colonic Neoplasms: epidemiology /
                      Estradiol / Female / Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Humans /
                      Logistic Models / Male / Prospective Studies / Risk Factors
                      / Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin: metabolism / Testosterone /
                      Gonadal Steroid Hormones (NLM Chemicals) / Sex
                      Hormone-Binding Globulin (NLM Chemicals) / Testosterone (NLM
                      Chemicals) / Estradiol (NLM Chemicals)},
      cin          = {C020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:35086823},
      doi          = {10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0996},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/179436},
}