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@ARTICLE{Johny:276909,
      author       = {J. Johny and C. E. R. van Halteren and F.-C. Cakir and S.
                      Zwiehoff and C. Behrends and C. Bäumer$^*$ and B.
                      Timmermann$^*$ and L. Rauschenbach$^*$ and S. Tippelt and B.
                      Scheffler$^*$ and A. Schramm and C. Rehbock and S.
                      Barcikowski},
      title        = {{S}urface {C}hemistry and {S}pecific {S}urface {A}rea rule
                      the {E}fficiency of {G}old {N}anoparticle {S}ensitizers in
                      {P}roton {T}herapy.},
      journal      = {Chemistry - a European journal},
      volume       = {29},
      number       = {50},
      issn         = {0947-6539},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-01202},
      pages        = {e202301260},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {2023 Sep 6;29(50):e202301260},
      abstract     = {Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are known radiosensitizers in
                      proton therapy (PT) applicable for the treatment of solid
                      tumors, where they amplify production of reactive oxygen
                      species (ROS). However, it is underexplored how this
                      amplification is correlated with the AuNPs´ surface
                      chemistry. To clarify this issue, we fabricated ligand-free
                      AuNPs of different mean diameters by laser ablation in
                      liquids (LAL) and laser fragmentation in liquids (LFL) and
                      irradiated them with clinically relevant proton fields using
                      water phantoms. ROS generation was monitored by the
                      fluorescent dye 7-OH-coumarin. Our findings reveal an
                      enhancement of ROS production driven by I) increased total
                      particle surface area, II) utilization of ligand-free AuNPs
                      avoiding sodium citrate as a radical quencher ligands, and
                      III) a higher density of structural defects generated by LFL
                      synthesis, indicated by surface charge density. Based on
                      these findings it may be concluded that the surface
                      chemistry is a major and underexplored contributor to ROS
                      generation and sensitizing effects of AuNPs in PT. We
                      further highlight the applicability of AuNPs in vitro in
                      human medulloblastoma cells.},
      keywords     = {clinical irradiation dose (Other) / gold nanoparticle
                      colloid (Other) / hydroxyl radicals (Other) / laser
                      processing in liquids (Other) / proton radiotherapy (Other)},
      cin          = {ED01},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)ED01-20160331},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:37334753},
      doi          = {10.1002/chem.202301260},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/276909},
}