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@ARTICLE{Zhang:306671,
      author       = {K. S. Zhang$^*$ and P. A. Glemser$^*$ and C. J. O.
                      Neelsen$^*$ and M. Wennmann$^*$ and L. T. Rotkopf$^*$ and N.
                      Netzer$^*$ and C. Meinzer$^*$ and T. Hielscher$^*$ and V.
                      Weru$^*$ and M. Görtz$^*$ and A. Stenzinger and M.
                      Hohenfellner and H.-P. Schlemmer$^*$ and D. Bonekamp$^*$},
      title        = {{R}epeatability and reproducibility of maximum diameter
                      measurements of prostate lesions on {MRI} with repositioning
                      and variation of imaging sequences: {A} test-retest study.},
      journal      = {Magnetic resonance imaging},
      volume       = {127},
      issn         = {0730-725X},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2025-02664},
      pages        = {110578},
      year         = {2026},
      note         = {#EA:E010#LA:E010# / Volume 127, April 2026, 110578},
      abstract     = {To assess variability of maximum diameter measurements of
                      prostate lesions in MRI assessing patient repositioning,
                      rater and sequence effects.Forty-two patients were included
                      retrospectively, who received a clinical bi-/multiparametric
                      prostate MRI examination and agreed to have the T2-weighted
                      (T2WI) and diffusion weighted-imaging (DWI) sequences
                      scanned twice. Maximum diameter measurements of prostate
                      lesions mentioned in the clinical radiologist reports were
                      performed by four readers in multiple reading sessions for
                      determination of inter-sequence (between two DWI sequences),
                      inter-scan (between clinical and additional scan),
                      intra-rater and inter-rater variability. The primary
                      calculated metrics were the repeatability and
                      reproducibility coefficient (RC/RDC), including pooled
                      RC/RDC.Variability measured by RCs/RDCs was lowest for
                      measurements obtained within the same reading session, with
                      inter-scan RCs up to 5.6 mm/6.5 mm for T2WI/DWI, pooled RCs
                      of 4.8 mm/5.8 mm, respectively, and inter-sequence RDCs of
                      5.4 mm-5.9 mm, pooled RDC 5.8 mm. Measurements performed in
                      separate reading sessions demonstrated significantly higher
                      variability for both settings in the majority of cases (RCs:
                      up to 10.9 mm/11.7 mm/10.2 mm for T2WI/DWI/inter-sequence, p
                      ≤ 0.002), pooled RCs/RDCs 9.2 mm-9.9 mm. Measurements
                      necessarily generated in different reading sessions, i.e.,
                      intra-rater or inter-rater, demonstrated high variability
                      (RCs/RDCs up to 11.4 mm/11.5 mm for T2WI/DWI).Prostate
                      lesion measurements demonstrate considerable variability.
                      When measured in one reading session by one rater, lesion
                      diameter differences below the pooled RCs of 4.8 mm, 95
                      $\%-CI$ [3.9, 5.6] for T2WI and 5.8 mm, 95 $\%-CI$ [4.7,
                      7.1] for DWI should not necessarily assumed to be true
                      biological change, as these differences may result from
                      measurement- or repositioning-based variability alone.
                      Caution needs to be taken assessing size changes.},
      keywords     = {Dimensional measurement accuracy (Other) / Magnetic
                      resonance imaging (Other) / Observer variation (Other) /
                      Prostate (Other) / Reproducibility of results (Other)},
      cin          = {E010 / C060 / E250 / HD01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)E010-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)C060-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)E250-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)HD01-20160331},
      pnm          = {315 - Bildgebung und Radioonkologie (POF4-315)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-315},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:41317885},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.mri.2025.110578},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/306671},
}