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| Home > Publications database > Supersensitive and robust disease monitoring in oropharyngeal cancer patients by circulating tumor HPV-DNA sequencing (ctHPV-DNAseq). |
| Journal Article | DKFZ-2026-00767 |
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2026
[Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
Ann Arbor, Mich.
Abstract: Post-treatment disease monitoring of HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is challenging. Liquid biopsies could improve disease monitoring, but the variety in methods hampers clinical implementation. In this study, target-enrichment sequencing to detect circulating tumor HPV DNA (ctHPV-DNA) was applied in liquid biopsies of HPV-positive OPSCC patients, and robust statistical readouts determined. Next, it was investigated whether longitudinal plasma monitoring could accurately diagnose residual and recurrent disease.The target-enrichment panel included 29 cancer genes and high-risk HPV genomes. The assay was tested on plasma from 30 non-cancer controls and 33 patients with HPV-positive tumors, 15 of whom had residual or recurrent disease, and 18 who remained disease-free. Samples were analyzed from baseline to 24 months after treatment.By determining and applying robust statistical cut-off values, ctHPV-DNA could be detected in plasma of all patients with HPV-positive OPSCC at baseline, and was absent in plasma of all non-cancer controls. In OPSCC patients who remained disease-free, post-treatment plasma samples were negative for ctHPV-DNA. In contrast, ctHPV-DNA was detected in plasma of all OPSCC patients with recurrent disease to a year before clinical diagnosis. Cases suspect for residual disease in the neck, but with a necrotic metastasis without vital tumor after resection, tested correctly negative for ctHPV-DNA in plasma.Target-enrichment sequencing of plasma shows 100% accurate detection of ctHPV-DNA at baseline. Longitudinal monitoring enables early recurrence detection and correct diagnosis of non-vital residual disease. The data indicate that liquid biopsy could improve post-treatment follow-up in HPV-positive OPSCC patients.
Keyword(s): Circulating tumor DNA ; DNA sequencing ; HNSCC, liquid biopsy ; HPV-positive ; Recurrence ; ctDNA
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