Journal Article (Review Article) DKFZ-2026-01703

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Advances and challenges in microbiome transplantation.

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2026
Elsevier Amsterdam [u.a.]

Cell host and microbe 34(7), 1202 - 1219 () [10.1016/j.chom.2026.06.006]
 GO

Abstract: Over the past two decades, the microbiome has emerged as a central modifier of host health, whose manipulation may prevent or treat disease. Fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) transfers stool from healthy donors to recipients to restore microbial structure and function. It is universally accepted as therapy for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) and is studied across metabolic, neurological, oncological, and autoimmune disorders. However, challenges remain, including donor selection, possible transmission of infectious or non-communicable risks, and limited understanding of mechanisms driving benefits. This review summarizes FMT designs, mechanisms, indications, and obstacles. It discusses emerging strategies such as the use of microbial consortia and extra-intestinal microbiome transplantation and suggests that a better understanding of FMT functions, limitations, and off-target effects may enable safer, more generalizable modulation of microbiome-regulated diseases. Such a mechanistic understanding may manifest as refined donor screening, standardized protocols, tracked outcomes, and identified microbes and metabolites inducing durable clinical benefits.

Keyword(s): Humans (MeSH) ; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: methods (MeSH) ; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: adverse effects (MeSH) ; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: trends (MeSH) ; Clostridium Infections: therapy (MeSH) ; Clostridium Infections: microbiology (MeSH) ; Microbiota (MeSH) ; Animals (MeSH) ; Clostridioides difficile (MeSH) ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome (MeSH) ; fecal microbiome transplantation ; microbiome ; microbiota

Classification:

Note: #LA:D480#

Contributing Institute(s):
  1. Mikrobiom und Krebs (D480)
Research Program(s):
  1. 314 - Immunologie und Krebs (POF4-314) (POF4-314)

Appears in the scientific report 2026
Database coverage:
Medline ; BIOSIS Previews ; Biological Abstracts ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Life Sciences ; Essential Science Indicators ; IF >= 30 ; JCR ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection
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 Record created 2026-07-10, last modified 2026-07-11



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