Journal Article

DKFZ-2022-03016

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png The power of a healthy lifestyle for cancer prevention: the example of colorectal cancer.

Chen, X. (First author)DKFZ* ; Ding, J.DKFZ* ; Li, H.DKFZ* ; Carr, P. R. ; Hoffmeister, M.DKFZ* ; Brenner, H. (Last author)DKFZ*

2022
Medical Univ. Cancer Inst. & Hospital Tianjin

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0397

Abstract: We aimed to directly compare the estimated effects of adherence to a healthy lifestyle with those of risk predisposition according to known genetic variants affecting colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, to support effective risk communication for cancer prevention.A healthy lifestyle score (HLS) was derived from 5 lifestyle factors: smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, physical activity, and body adiposity. The association of lifestyle and polygenic risk score (PRS) (based on 140 CRC-associated risk loci) with CRC risk was assessed with multiple logistic regression and compared through the genetic risk equivalent (GRE), a novel approach providing an estimate of the effects of adherence to a healthy lifestyle in terms of percentile differences in PRS.A higher HLS was associated with lower CRC risk (4,844 cases, 3,964 controls). Those adhering to all 5 healthy lifestyle factors had a 62% (95% CI 54%-68%) lower CRC risk than those adhering to ≤ 2 healthy lifestyle factors. The estimated effect of adherence to all 5 compared with ≤ 2 healthy lifestyle factors was as strong as the effect of having a 79 percentile (GRE 79, 95% CI 61-97) lower PRS. The association between a healthy lifestyle and CRC risk was independent of PRS level but was particularly pronounced among those with a family history of CRC in ≥ 1 first-degree relative (P-interaction = 0.0013).A healthy lifestyle was strongly inversely associated with CRC risk. The large GRE indicated that CRC risk determined by polygenic risk may be offset to a substantial extent by adherence to a healthy lifestyle.

Keyword(s): Colorectal cancer ; family history ; genetic risk equivalent ; healthy lifestyle score ; polygenic risk score

Note: #EA:C070#LA:C070#LA:C120#

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. C070 Klinische Epidemiologie und Alternf. (C070)
2. Präventive Onkologie (C120)
3. DKTK HD zentral (HD01)

Research Program(s):

1. 313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313) (POF4-313)

Appears in the scientific report 2022

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