Journal Article (Review Article) DKFZ-2025-01436

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Noncanonical and mortality-defining toxicities of CAR T cell therapy.

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2025
Springer Nature [New York, NY]

Nature medicine 31(7), 2132-2146 () [10.1038/s41591-025-03813-5]
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Abstract: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is associated with a unique spectrum of toxicities that drive morbidity, mortality and patient quality of life. Previous efforts yielded consensus grading systems for the prototypical immunotoxicities-namely, cytokine-release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). These grading systems set the stage for severity-based and standardized treatment protocols that have contributed to a reduction in the acute toxicity burden of CAR T cell therapy and have enabled outpatient administration. However, understanding of CAR T cell therapy has since grown to encompass new targets, new diseases and broader patient populations-including long-term survivors. As side effects are better defined and novel toxicities emerge, there is a need to understand their mechanisms and standardize reporting to improve clinical management. Here we review the current state of knowledge for mortality-defining and rare toxicities of CAR T cell therapies, beyond CRS and ICANS. We discuss mechanisms, including on-target injury, cytokine-associated inflammation and dysregulated recovery, and how these mechanisms affect the timing and management of toxicities. Finally, we define key unmet needs and delineate future priorities and research directions.

Classification:

Note: 2025 Jul;31(7):2132-2146

Contributing Institute(s):
  1. DKTK Koordinierungsstelle München (MU01)
Research Program(s):
  1. 899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899) (POF4-899)

Appears in the scientific report 2025
Database coverage:
Medline ; BIOSIS Previews ; Biological Abstracts ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Clinical Medicine ; Current Contents - Life Sciences ; DEAL Nature ; Ebsco Academic Search ; Essential Science Indicators ; IF >= 80 ; JCR ; NationallizenzNationallizenz ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection
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 Record created 2025-07-21, last modified 2025-07-31



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