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| Home > Publications database > Profiling of rare immune cell populations and integrative analysis identify immune ecotypes in newly diagnosed meningiomas. |
| Home > Publications database > Profiling of rare immune cell populations and integrative analysis identify immune ecotypes in newly diagnosed meningiomas. |
| Journal Article | DKFZ-2026-00641 |
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2026
Biomed Central
London
Abstract: Meningiomas (MGMs) are the most common primary intracranial tumors in adults with asubstantial subset exhibiting aggressive clinical behavior. Immunotherapy represents apotential alternative treatment option, even though MGMs have traditionally beenconsidered “immunologically cold” tumors. This study explored less characterizedimmune cell subsets —B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and granulocytes— and theirassociations with major immune cell populations as well as their prognostic implications.For this purpose, we performed tissue cytometry analysis in a clinically well-annotatedmulti-center cohort of 97 newly diagnosed MGMs encompassing all WHO grades (1, 2, 3)and DNA methylation classes (benign, intermediate, malignant). Resulting infiltrationdata were integrated with previously published data on tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs) and tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) to identify MGM immune ecotypes.Overall, infiltration rates of B cells, NK cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils showed lowerfrequencies and varied widely across tumors. Notably, we observed significantly lowernumbers of B cells in MGM with losses in chromosomal arms 10q and 22q, while lowernumber of T cells were found in patients with a loss of chromosomal arm 1p. In addition,NK cells and eosinophils were enriched in grade 1 and benign tumors, whereasneutrophils predominated in malignant cases. Despite their relatively low abundance,elevated neutrophil frequencies turned out to be an independent of prognostic factor forpoor survival. Importantly, subsequent integration of TAM and TIL data derived from thesame patient cohort unraveled five distinct immune ecotypes, each displayingcharacteristic immune cell infiltration patterns and differential survival outcomes.Altogether, this study provides an expanded overview of various rare immune cell subtypes in MGM and demonstrates their integration into different prognostic immuneecotypes, enabling better stratification in future clinical studies.
Keyword(s): DNA methylation ; Immune ecotypes ; Immunobiology ; Meningioma ; Prognosis
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