Journal Article

DKFZ-2023-02431

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Body mass index and cancer risk among adults with and without cardiometabolic diseases: evidence from the EPIC and UK Biobank prospective cohort studies.

Fontvieille, E. ; Viallon, V. ; Recalde, M. ; Cordova, R. ; Jansana, A. ; Peruchet-Noray, L. ; Lennon, H. ; Heath, A. K. ; Aune, D. ; Christakoudi, S. ; Katzke, V.DKFZ* ; Kaaks, R.DKFZ* ; Inan-Eroglu, E. ; Schulze, M. B. ; Mellemkjær, L. ; Tjønneland, A. ; Overvad, K. ; Farràs, M. ; Petrova, D. ; Amiano, P. ; Chirlaque, M.-D. ; Moreno-Iribas, C. ; Tin Tin, S. ; Masala, G. ; Sieri, S. ; Ricceri, F. ; Panico, S. ; May, A. M. ; Monninkhof, E. M. ; Weiderpass, E. ; Gunter, M. J. ; Ferrari, P. ; Freisling, H.

2023
Springer Heidelberg [u.a.]

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1186/s12916-023-03114-z

Abstract: Whether cancer risk associated with a higher body mass index (BMI), a surrogate measure of adiposity, differs among adults with and without cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and/or type 2 diabetes (T2D) is unclear. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate separate and joint associations of BMI and CVD/T2D with the risk of cancer.This is an individual participant data meta-analysis of two prospective cohort studies, the UK Biobank (UKB) and the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), with a total of 577,343 adults, free of cancer, T2D, and CVD at recruitment. We used Cox proportional hazard regressions to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between BMI and incidence of obesity-related cancer and in turn overall cancer with a multiplicative interaction between BMI and the two cardiometabolic diseases (CMD). HRs and 95% CIs for separate and joint associations for categories of overweight/obesity and CMD status were estimated, and additive interaction was quantified through relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI).In the meta-analysis of both cohorts, BMI (per ~ 5 kg/m2) was positively associated with the risk of obesity-related cancer among participants without a CMD (HR: 1.11, 95%CI: 1.07,1.16), among participants with T2D (HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.05,1.18), among participants with CVD (HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.11,1.24), and suggestively positive among those with both T2D and CVD (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.94,1.25). An additive interaction between obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and CVD with the risk of overall cancer translated into a meta-analytical RERI of 0.28 (95% CI: 0.09-0.47).Irrespective of CMD status, higher BMI increased the risk of obesity-related cancer among European adults. The additive interaction between obesity and CVD suggests that obesity prevention would translate into a greater cancer risk reduction among population groups with CVD than among the general population.

Keyword(s): Cardiovascular diseases ; Comorbidities ; Multimorbidity ; Obesity ; Obesity-related cancers ; Type 2 diabetes

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. C020 Epidemiologie von Krebs (C020)

Research Program(s):

1. 313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313) (POF4-313)

Appears in the scientific report 2023

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