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| Home > Publications database > Real-world evidence for the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in reduction of total and cause-specific mortality. |
| Journal Article | DKFZ-2022-02367 |
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2023
Wiley-Blackwell
Oxford [u.a.]
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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1111/joim.13578
Abstract: Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrated the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for reduced cancer mortality, all-cause mortality, and respiratory tract infections. However, whether and to what extent this translates into effectiveness in real-world practice is unknown.We assessed the association of vitamin D supplements use (as an over-the-counter drug or as part of a multivitamin product), vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) < 30 nmol/L) and insufficiency (25(OH)D 30-<50 nmol/L) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in 445,601 participants, aged 40-73 years, from the UK Biobank cohort.4.3% and further 20.4% of the study participants reported regularly taking vitamin D or multivitamin supplements, respectively. Still, the majority had either vitamin D deficiency (21.0%) or insufficiency (34.3%). We detected 49 independent determinants of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D supplement use and used them to adjust Cox regression models for all mortality outcomes. 29,107 (6.5%) participants died during a median follow-up time of 11.8 years. Both vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were strongly associated with all mortality outcomes. Self-reported vitamin D supplements use (83% over-the-counter/17% prescription drugs) and multivitamin intake were significantly associated with 10% and 5% lower all-cause mortality, respectively. Furthermore, regular vitamin D supplement users had 11%, 11% and 29% lower cancer, cardiovascular disease and respiratory disease mortality than non-users, respectively (not significant for cardiovascular disease mortality).This large study suggests that in the real world, the efficacy of vitamin D supplements in reducing mortality may be at least as good as observed in RCTs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Keyword(s): Vitamin D ; cancer ; cohort study ; dietary supplement ; mortality
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