Journal Article DKFZ-2026-02031

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Engineering editopes through programmable RNA editing toward tumor neoantigen generation.

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2026
Nature Publishing Group UK [London]

The EMBO journal nn, nn () [10.1038/s44318-026-00870-5]
 GO

Abstract: Neoepitope-based therapies hold great promise for cancer immunotherapy because they target tumor-specific mutations and elicit potent anti-tumor T-cell responses. However, their clinical implementation remains limited by the complexity of neoepitope discovery and uncertainty regarding presentation by tumor cells. A potential alternative is the generation of immunogenic neoepitopes directly within cancer cells through programmable RNA editing. Here, we develop Short Precise-Encodable ADAR Recruiting (SPEAR) gRNAs that harness endogenous ADAR1 to direct precise adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing at selected transcript sites. Using these gRNAs, we demonstrate the generation of immunogenic neoepitopes through RNA editing at the transcript level, termed editopes. In a proof-of-concept model based on the melanoma antigen MART-1, SPEAR-mediated RNA editing restored antigen-specific T cell recognition and enabled tumor control in vivo. Finally, we developed a computational pipeline to identify candidate tumor-selective neoepitopes across multiple cancer types amenable to guided RNA editing. Our findings establish programmable RNA editing as a strategy for engineering immunogenic editopes and provide a framework for neoepitope-directed cancer immunotherapy.

Classification:

Note: #EA:D150#LA:D150# / #DKTKZFB26# / epub

Contributing Institute(s):
  1. Immundiversität (D150)
  2. KKE Neuroimmunologie und Hirntumorimmunologie (D170)
  3. DKFZ -Bayer Healthcare Joint (D220)
  4. Hi-TRON Immunoproteomik (D191)
  5. HI-TRON Technologieplattform (D190)
  6. DKTK HD zentral (HD01)
Research Program(s):
  1. 314 - Immunologie und Krebs (POF4-314) (POF4-314)

Appears in the scientific report 2026
Database coverage:
Medline ; Creative Commons Attribution CC BY (No Version) ; DOAJ ; Article Processing Charges ; BIOSIS Previews ; Biological Abstracts ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Life Sciences ; DEAL Wiley ; DOAJ Seal ; Ebsco Academic Search ; Essential Science Indicators ; Fees ; IF >= 10 ; JCR ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection
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Document types > Articles > Journal Article
Institute Collections > D170
Public records
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 Record created 2026-08-17, last modified 2026-08-19



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